Synthesis and characterization of tricalcium phosphate with Zn and Mg based dopants

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to prepare tricalcium phosphate (TCP) ceramic by dual dopants of magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn), and investigate the influence of dopants on the physical, mechanical and biological properties of TCP. TCP were synthesized with 1 wt% Mg, 0.3 wt% Zn and dual dopants using the precipitation process. Phase composition and microstructures were characterized. Mechanical properties and dissolution behavior in vitro were investigated. Human osteoblast cell culture was used to determine the influence of dopants on cell-materials interactions. XRD analysis indicated that Mg delayed phase transformation from beta to alpha-TCP and pure beta-TCP phase was obtained for Mg-doped TCP after sintered at 1250 degrees C. Addition of Mg improved densification behavior of TCP. Compression strength also increased from 24.0 MPa to 77.2 MPa after doping with Mg and Zn. Furthermore, Mg additive reduced the solubility of TCP in vitro. Osteoblast culture studies indicated that the presence of Mg stabilized the cell-material interface and thus improved cell attachment and growth. Zn-doped TCP exhibited good bioactivity, which enhanced cell differentiation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. The highest cell proliferation and ALP expression were found on dual Mg and Zn doped TCP. The results indicate that Mg and Zn dopants play a significant role towards improving mechanical properties and cell-materials interactions of TCP. This work also demonstrates the potential for dual Mg and Zn doped TCP to be used in orthopedics and dentistry, which displays high mechanical strength, low resorption and improved cell-material interaction.

Bioinorganics and biomaterials: Bone repair

“…In another study, a positive effect on the proliferation of the MC3T3 osteblastic cell line was observed in HA/TCP ceramics containing up to 1.3 wt.% zinc, whereas higher concentrations caused cytotoxicity [164]. A mildly positive effect of TCP ceramic doped with 0.3 wt.% zinc was also observed on the proliferation of human fetal bone tissue-derived osteoprecursor cell line [167]. The addition of zinc to brushite-forming b-TCP cement showed a positive effect on adhesion, proliferation, ALP activity and Col-I secretion of the MC3T3-E1 osteblastic cell line, an effect which was even more pronounced when both strontium and zinc were present in the cement [168].…”

Biphasic Resorbable Calcium Phosphate Ceramic for Bone Implants and Local Alendronate Delivery

“…[2,9] In our previous works, we have demonstrated that the mechanical and degradation properties of TCP can be tailored, without altering its inherent biocompatibility, by the addition of metal oxide dopants, such as NaF, TiO 2 , SiO 2 , CaO, ZnO and Ag 2 O. [10][11][12][13][14] Another interesting alternative to tailor the mechanical and biological properties of calcium phosphate based ceramics is to use biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP). BCPs composed of TCP and hydroxyapatite (HA) are gaining more importance because their biodegradation rate, bioactivity and osteoconductivity can be tailored by tuning the ratio of TCP to HA phases.…”

Sintering of the Tricalcium Phosphate-Titania-Magnesium Fluoride Composites

“…Evis and Pinar Sun [34] demonstrate the β-TCP structure stabilization and the hydroxyapatite formation by the heat treatment above 800°C. Hot pressed magnesium fluoride has been used as a dome material for many devices due to its excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability [39][40][41]. The study conducted by Kim et al aimed to increase the mechanical properties and to inhibit the phase decomposition of HAp by the addition of MgF 2 in the HAp/ZrO 2 composites [37].…”