Synthesis and Characterization of Ultra‐Fine Tin Oxide Fibers Using Electrospinning

Abstract

Ultrafine tin oxide (SnO2) fibers having a rutile structure, with diameter ranging from 100 nm to several micrometers, were synthesized using electrospinning and metallorganic decomposition techniques. In this work, we propose a precursor solution that is a mixture of pure SnO2 sol made from SnCl4:H2O:C3H7OH:2‐C3H7OH at a molar ratio of 1:9:9:6, and a viscous solution made from poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) (molecular weight 900 000) and chloroform (CHCl3) at a ratio of 200 mg PEO/10 mL CHCl3. This solution allows to obtain an appropriate viscosity for the electrospinning process. The as‐deposited fibers were sintered at 400°, 500°, 600°, 700°, and 800°C in air for 2 h. Scanning electron microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Raman microspectrometry, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the sintered fibers and elucidate the chemical reaction during sintering. The results showed that up to the sintering temperature of 700°C, the synthesized fibers are composed of SnO2. XPS was found to reflect the complicate chemical changes caused by the sintering process.

Optical bandgap and photoconductance of electrospun tin oxide nanofibers

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] However, for many applications such as the line light source or dielectric waveguide, the fiber morphology is more favorable. Unfortunately, so far only a few ways, such as thermal decomposition, 8 template and oxidization, 9 laser ablation or vapor-liquid-solid growth, 10 vapor deposition, 11,12 and electrospinning, [13][14][15] have been developed to fabricate SnO 2 nanofibers or ribbons. Their optical and optoelectronic properties have been only barely touched [10][11][12][13] even though such property characterization is indispensable for their optoelectronic applications.…”

“…11 To our knowledge, no report has been made neither on the optical bandgap ͑E o ͒ of SnO 2 nanowires, an important parameter for their optoelectronic applications in general, nor on the photoconductance of electrospun SnO 2 nanofibers. We have developed two recipes for electrospinning SnO 2 fibers, [14][15][16] characterized their electrical properties, 17 and applied a single electrospun SnO 2 fiber in gas detection. 18 This letter investigates their optical and photoconductive properties, with its emphasis on the determination of their optical bandgap and evaluation of their conductive response to UV light.…”

Electrospinning of Cyclodextrin–Pseudopolyrotaxane Nanofibers

“…[24,25] The electrospinning of a-CD-PEG-IC nanofibers is not possible because of their crystalline nature and the low molecular weight of the PEG. Therefore the PEO polymer matrix was chosen to be used as a carrier for three reasons: 1) it is easy to electrospin PEO nanofibers, and PEO has been shown to be a good carrier matrix for both inorganic compounds and polymers that cannot be electrospun by themselves, [26][27][28][29][30] 2) it has the same chemical structure as PEG, and 3) PEO nanofibers may have many uses in various applications. [26,[29][30][31][32] To facilitate nanofiber formation, a-CD-PEG-IC was premixed with aqueous PEO solutions in different weight ratios (50, 100, and 200 % w/w with respect to PEO) prior to electrospinning the resulting suspensions.…”

Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/zinc oxide smart composite material

“…Different processing techniques and conditions of ZnO can be introduced. Electrospinning, for instance, is used to produce ceramic nano-scale fiber mats [5][6][7]8 . These fiber mats have the potential in the use of electroactive systems.…”