Over the past few decades, zinc oxide
nanoparticles have
also proven
to be essential to a variety of scientific research sectors, including
antimicrobial therapy, tissue engineering, bioimaging, biosensors,
drug delivery, gene delivery, and bioimaging. There is an urgent need
to establish and develop unique alternative treatment modalities to
treat neurodegenerative disorders due to the shortcomings of the existing
drugs. As a possible therapy for brain diseases and disorders, the
ability of the nanoparticles to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB)
as well as their reduced toxicity, solubility, and biodegradability
has lately attracted attention. Scientists are quietly turning their
attention to develop green synthesis of nanoparticles as an alternative
to the physical and chemical techniques of producing the same. Existing
literature has emphasized the use of ZnO for the potential treatment
of cerebral ischemia and its neuroprotective properties. This work
discusses the potential of ZnO prepared using Gynura
cusimba extract and its nanocomposites with graphene
quantum dots (GQDs) and its nitrogen doped variant, N-GQDs as neurotrophic
agents, in accordance with our previous report on the use of GQDs
and N-GQDs as neurotrophic agents. Pristine ZnO nanoparticles as well
as composites were duly characterized by using several techniques
to confirm the formation of the nanocomposites. Biological evaluation
using the neurite outgrowth assay following the cell viability assay
revealed that incorporation of GQDs and N-GQDs enhanced the neurite
length in comparison to that of pristine ZnO with the nanocomposites
of N-GQDs showing comparatively better results, corroborated by the
real-time PCR studies as well.