“…Compared with the conventional wastewater treatment means, photodegradation has been proved to be effective to this kind of pollutions due to its strong destructive power to mineralize the pollutants into CO 2 and H 2 O. The present investigation assesses the applicability of materials for the photodegradation and removal of the Congo red from wastewaters, such as TiO 2 [27,28], zeolite [29], Ni(OH) 3 and NiO [30], Fe 2 O 3 [31], CeO 2 [32], carbon nanotubles [33], CdS [34], Zn 1−x Cu x S and Zn 1−x Ni x S [35], ZnO [36], WO 3 -TiO 2 /activated carbon [27], SnO 2 -ZnO [37], and waste materials (bottom ash and deoiled soya) [38]. However, their practical uses have been constrained by their low photocatalytic activity under visible light, short-term stability against photo-and chemical corrosion as well as potential toxicity.…”