Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared through Soft Chemical Route

Abstract

Nanocrystalline ZnO nanoparticles having flower-like morphology have been synthesized through a soft chemical route and a new nucleation mechanism has been proposed. The crystalline phase and optical properties of the synthesized powder material were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The detailed microstructural study of the powder material has been carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The flower-like structure of the powder material has been revealed when scanned under SEM. ZnO powder when examined under TEM showed bunches of flower-like structure consisting of very fine needle-, rod-and polyhedral shaped particles in nanometer size. XRD pattern showed well-resolved peaks of single phase ZnO having wurtzite structure. PL emission spectrum showed a strong bond excitation emission at 393nm with an excitation wavelength of 241nm.

Use of immobilized zinc oxide photocatalysts for wastewater treatment: Application to methylene blue degradation

“…From the photoluminescence spectrum of ZnO (Section S1, Figure S2 in Appendix S1), attached on borosilicate beads, a broad band peak at 393 nm of UV emission was evident and attributed to the near‐band‐edge emission of the wide band gap of ZnO. [ 23 ]…”

“…[21,22] From the photoluminescence spectrum of ZnO (Section S1, Figure S2 in Appendix S1), attached on borosilicate beads, a broad band peak at 393 nm of UV emission was evident and attributed to the near-band-edge emission of the wide band gap of ZnO. [23] Regarding the XRD analysis, the spectrum over diffraction angles of ~20-90 was measured, and the phase composition was determined by using the Match 3 software (Figure 5). The characteristic peaks of zincite, which is the mineral form of ZnO with the hexagonal crystal structure of wurtzite, were identified.…”

A process for the selective removal of arsenic from contaminated water using acetate functionalized zinc oxide nanomaterials

“…In the proposed study we have synthesized four ZnO nanomaterials by four different routes to get desired particle size. ZnO-1 has been synthesized by the reaction of sodium tetraborate with zinc acetate [33], ZnO-2 by reduction of nitroalkane with zinc dust [34] and ZnO-3 by the same reaction of sodium tetraborate with zinc nitrate/zinc sulphate/ zinc chloride precursors. The ZnO-4 has also been synthesized by the reaction of zinc acetate with lithium hydroxide following sol-gel technique [35,36].…”

A Facile Route to ZnO Nanoparticle Superlattices: Synthesis, Functionalization, and Self-Assembly

“…One of the barriers to the development of these methods is the indirect nature of the synthesis methods necessitating formation of intermediate compounds (carbonates, hydroxides, alkoxides, etc.) via precipitation, evaporation or hydrolysis, and subsequent dehydration/thermal decomposition processing that can result in particle agglomeration with deleterious results. ,,– The direct (i.e., via reaction with solution-phase oxygen anions) synthesis of ZnO from Zn 2+ in solution is generally considered impossible because oxygen anions in solution are thought not to form. The oxidation of organometallic zinc in solution or metallic zinc in oxygen can form ZnO directly, but either the oxidation is incomplete or the stoichiometric control is difficult in these cases. ,, Moreover, organometallic precursors are usually expensive and/or air- or moisture-sensitive, which can make synthesis and processing difficult.…”

“…via precipitation, evaporation or hydrolysis, and subsequent dehydration/thermal decomposition processing that can result in particle agglomeration with deleterious results. 10,12,[14][15][16][17][18][19] The direct (i.e., via reaction with solution-phase oxygen anions) synthesis of ZnO from Zn 2+ in solution is generally considered impossible because oxygen anions in solution are thought not to form. The oxidation of organometallic zinc in solution or metallic zinc in oxygen can form ZnO directly, but either the oxidation is incomplete or the stoichiometric control is difficult in these cases.…”