The link between crystal and electronic structure is crucial for understanding structureproperty relations in solid-state chemistry. In particular, it has been instrumental in understanding topological materials, where electrons behave differently than they would in conventional solids. Herein, we identify 1D Bi chains as a structural motif of interest for topological materials. We focus on Sm 3 ZrBi 5 , a new quasi-one-dimensional (1D) compound in the Ln 3 MPn 5 (Ln = lanthanide; M = metal; Pn = pnictide) family that crystallizes in the P 6 3 /mcm space group. Density functional theory calculations indicate a complex, topologically non-trivial electronic structure that changes significantly in the presence of spin-orbit coupling. Magnetic measurements show a quasi-1D antiferromagnetic structure with two magnetic transitions at 11.7 and 10.7 K that are invariant to applied field up to 9 T, indicating magnetically frustrated spins. Heat capacity, electrical, and thermal transport measurements support this claim and suggest