“…The significant transfection activity attained was attributed to an improved cell binding and uptake of the lipoplexes promoted by the presence of cholesterol (Crook et al, 1998) and/or better stability of the lipoplex in serum (Simberg et al, 2003). In 1991, Gao et al reported the synthesis and application of the cholesterol-based cationic lipid 3-β-[N-(N′,N′-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamoyl]-cholesterol (DC-Chol, 1a), which was combined with DOPE to transfect mammalian cells (Gao & Huang, 1991 (Zhdanov et al, 1998;Gao & Hui, 2001;Geall et al, 2000;Percot et al, 2004;Ding et al, 2008;Medvedeva et al, 2009;Maslov et al, 2010). The cationic amphiphiles containing cholesterol as a hydrophobic residue possess a high transfection activity and a low toxicity, finding use in the studies of both the structure-activity relationships and membrane fusion mechanisms Kearns et al, 2008).…”