Synthesis and Electrical Characterizations of Graphene Oxide Incorporated Nanocomposite Cathode Materials for Low Temperature SOFCs

Recent advances in novel graphene: new horizons in renewable energy storage technologies

“…GO is a highly oxidized type of G-NMs that contains hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, and epoxy functional groups. The occurrence of the oxygen functional groups at the edges and basal plane of the G-NSs transforms sp 2 -bound G-NSs into a hybrid of sp 2 and sp 3 C. The defects in the sp 3 regions alter the G-NS's natural conjugated structure, lowering its overall strength and conductivity. The existence of several functional groups in GO, on the other hand, promotes processability and creates a center of attention for a broad variety of uses as a multifunctional material.…”

“…Incorporating P-rich groups into the C-matrix, for example, might considerably increase the wettability of G-NSs in aqueous solution while also expanding the voltage window of the SCs electrodes based on such materials. Furthermore, the larger P-atom size and the favorable sp 3 -orbital with a pyramidal shape may result in a more deformed and wrinkled morphology with many open edge sites that is advantageous for surface redox reactions and ion transport. Traditional P-doping, on the other hand, is highly reliant on the high-temperature calcination of triphenylphosphine (TPP), where P-doping was discovered to be inhomogeneous in the C-lattice.…”

“…Carbon compounds provide a crucial and closely related role in sustaining life on earth, despite the fact that everyone must lead a ''low-carbon'' lifestyle. The three distinct hybridizations of carbon, namely, sp, sp 2 , and sp 3 , make it an extremely alluring element. 111 In the past two decades, research on full carbon materials (CMs) has accelerated at the cutting edge of synthetic organic chemistry.…”

“…Researchers today are producing novel two-dimensional (2D) CMs, and the application of these materials depend on the types of carbon atoms that are mixed with various morphologies, including fullerenes (0D, 1985), 112 carbon nanotubes (1D, CNT, 1991), 113 and graphene (3D, 2004), 114 as well as different characteristics. Different C-allotropes, such as CNTs, fullerene (sp 2 ), G (sp 2 ), and diamond (sp 3 ), have been created over the past two decades by the hybridization of various carbon atoms. These materials have been successfully used in a variety of applications.…”

“…For the past several decades, however, the fast depletion of fossil fuels due to their rising use has shifted the research dominantly to the progress and usage of renewable energy resources, for example wind, tidal, solar energy, and hydrogen. 1–105 Energy storage technologies must be efficient for renewable energies to be broadly used at domestic as well as industrial levels. Portable electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric car applications are being extensively expanded to meet the needs of our information-rich, mobile culture.…”