Synthesis and electrochemical properties of mesoporous titanium oxide with polythiophene nanowires in the pores

Smith, Luke A. C.; Romer, Frederik; Maior, Rosa Maria Souto; Smith, Mark E.; Hanna, John V.; Antonelli, David M.

doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2014.03.037

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Figure S17 shows SEM images taken at low magnification, demonstrating the powder morphology of the composites in the form of large grain‐like clusters. Similar images are typically obtained for amine template materials and can also be seen in the starting material (Figure S17 f) …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…As these values correspond to loss of solvent, the unusually low value of 2 wt % for the 2.5 mL sample may be attributed to uneven drying between the three samples of different surface areas and porosity characteristics. The second region of the plot between 250 and 700 °C corresponds to the combustion of the organic content within the main sample, producing a large exothermic peak as seen in our previous work . Composites synthesized by using 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 mL of HMDST lost 8, 13, and 15 wt %, respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…These losses in this temperature range were 9, 2, and 10 wt %f or samples made by using 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 mL of HMDST, respectively.A st hese values correspond to loss of solvent, the unusually low value of 2wt% for the 2.5 mL sample may be attributedt ou neven drying between the three samples of different surfacea reas and porosity characteristics.T he second regiono ft he plot between 250 and 700 8Cc orresponds to the combustion of the organic content within the main sample, producing al arge exothermic peak as seen in our previous work. [18] Composites synthesized by using 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 mL of HMDSTl ost 8, 13, and 15 wt %, respectively.T hese results indicatet hat, with increased amountso fH MDST, the residual organic content of the material increases as expected from the higher concentration of Ti-S-Tio rT i-S-SiMe 3 groups present on the surface after reaction. The data for composites synthesized by using av ariety of differenth eating treatments show an endothermic regionb etween 0a nd 250 8C, which produces losses of 6, 10, and 9wt% before going on to lose af urther1 3, 15, and 17 wt %i nt he exothermic region for samples synthesized by using 3.5mLo fH MDSTa t1 00, 150, and2 00 8Cr espectively.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for MCM‐41 and polyaniline. The results produced more than a 200‐fold improvement in conductivity, but fell short of optimal lithium‐transport properties …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ther esults produced more than a2 00-fold improvement in conductivity,b ut fell short of optimal lithium-transport properties. [18] Further work using pyrrole to investigate the effects of doping levels andp ores izes yielded materials fully optimized for this approach. By using al ow polymer loading with larger pore sizes, improvements in conductivity and Li transport were achievedw ith minimum weight gain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low‐Temperature Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Titanium Oxysulfides

et al. 2015

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This paper describes the synthesis and electrochemical properties of mesoporous titanium oxysulfides prepared through the chemical treatment of pristine mesoporous titanium oxide under various synthesis conditions. The materials were doped with sulfur by using hexamethyldisilathiane (HMDST), a strategy that was developed to improve the conductivity of the material, whilst also retaining the porosity and thermal stability. Varying amounts of HMDST and different synthesis temperatures were tested to optimize the surface area and electrochemical performance. Lower temperatures generally yielded materials with superior properties and, even though the conductivity was improved by using higher loading levels of HMDST, it also led to a drop in initial capacity at the highest synthesis temperature of 200 °C (137–41 mAh g−1). The best performing material was, thus, synthesized by using the highest level of HMDST (3.5 mL) at lower heating temperatures (100–150 °C). This set of conditions maximizes the combination of surface area, initial capacity, conductivity, and capacity retention, the latter of which was notably superior to that of the pristine material (81 vs. 35 %), emphasizing the overall success of this doping strategy in improving the electrochemical properties of these otherwise insulating materials.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for MCM‐41 and polyaniline. The results produced more than a 200‐fold improvement in conductivity, but fell short of optimal lithium‐transport properties …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low‐Temperature Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Titanium Oxysulfides

et al. 2015

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Effect of Synthesis Parameters on the Electrochemical Properties of High‐Surface‐Area Mesoporous Titanium Oxide with Polypyrrole Nanowires in the Pores

et al. 2014

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This paper describes the synthesis and characterisation of high‐surface‐area mesoporous titanium oxides with polypyrrole nanowires within the pores, and the subsequent variation of synthesis parameters such as polymer‐loading level and pore size to improve performance. These modifications are employed to improve the electron conductivity of the amorphous host and exploit the high internal surface areas of over 800 m2g−1 for potential use as a lithium battery cathode material, once fully optimised, with fast charge‐transfer kinetics expected from the proximity of the vast majority of the redox sites at, or near, the surface of the inner pore walls. A full structural characterisation, in addition to electrochemical assessments, of the composite materials is presented and compared to the pristine mesoporous titanium oxide hosts. The best synthesis conditions were achieved with 5 % polymer loading and the largest pore sized host materials. Excessive polymer loading and smaller pore sizes lead to decreased performance, possibly due to inhibition of Li+ transport. The C18 templated TiO2 composite produced the best capacity retention at 58 % retention, and the C12 composite produced the highest initial capacity of 170 mAh g−1 by using a current density of 1 mAcm−2.

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UV‐Initiated Synthesis of Electroactive High Surface Area Ta and Ti Mesoporous Oxides Composites with Polypyrrole Nanowires within the Pores

et al. 2015

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This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of high surface area mesoporous Ti and Ta oxides with polypyrrole nanowires in the pores. The incorporation of polymer was used to improve the electron conductivity into the channels inside these high surface area (400–1000 m2 g−1) materials in order to exploit surface redox sites for possible pseudocapacitive Li storage. Synthesis was achieved using catalyst‐free UV‐initiated polymerization of vapor‐loaded pyrrole monomer. The best materials showed improved conductivity for both the Ti and Ta oxides as well as improved Li capacity (190 mA h g−1) relative to the pristine material (128 mA h g−1) and superior capacity retention (49 % as compared to 22 %) for the Ti composites. The retention in surface area was also 87 % compared to 49 % reported previously for analogous materials synthesized by catalyst‐initiated methods, which only yielded Li capacities of 170 mA h g−1, further highlighting the superiority of this new photochemical approach.

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Synthesis and electrochemical properties of mesoporous titanium oxide with polythiophene nanowires in the pores

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Low‐Temperature Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Titanium Oxysulfides

Low‐Temperature Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Titanium Oxysulfides

Effect of Synthesis Parameters on the Electrochemical Properties of High‐Surface‐Area Mesoporous Titanium Oxide with Polypyrrole Nanowires in the Pores

UV‐Initiated Synthesis of Electroactive High Surface Area Ta and Ti Mesoporous Oxides Composites with Polypyrrole Nanowires within the Pores

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