Synthesis and Evaluation of Chalcone Derivatives as Inhibitors of Neutrophils' Chemotaxis, Phagocytosis and Production of Reactive Oxygen Species

Abstract

Inhibitory effects on neutrophils' chemotaxis, phagocytosis and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are among the important targets in developing anti-inflammatory agents and immunosuppressants. Eight series of chalcone derivatives including five newly synthesized series were assessed for their inhibitory effects on chemotaxis, phagocytosis and ROS production in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). Inhibition of PMNs' chemotaxis and phagocytosis abilities were investigated using the Boyden chamber technique and the Phagotest kit, respectively, while ROS production was evaluated using luminol- and lucigenin-based chemiluminescence assay. The new derivatives (4d and 8d), which contain 4-methylaminoethanol functional group were active in all the assays performed. It was also observed that some of the compounds were active in inhibiting chemotaxis while others suppressed phagocytosis and ROS production. The information obtained gave new insight into chalcone derivatives with the potential to be developed as immunomodulators.

Effects of synthetic chalcone derivatives on oxidised palmitoyl arachidonoyl phosphorylcholine-induced proinflammatory chemokines production

“…Upon completion, the reaction mixture was poured into acidified ice, extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL), washed with water (2 x 150 mL), dried and concentrated in vacuo to give oils and solids. The crude products were further purified either by column chromatography or recrystallization 28 .…”

Studies of synthetic chalcone derivatives as potential inhibitors of secretory phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenase and pro-inflammatory cytokines

“…37 Chalcone derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of equimolar aldehyde and ketone in the presence of a base via Claisen-Schmidt condensation. The successful synthesis of all the novel compounds was confirmed by several analytical techniques comprising infrared spectroscopy, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analysis 37…”

“…In our search for potential anti-inflammatory drug candidates, we have synthesized novel chalcone derivatives and investigated their immunomodulatory effects 37,38. In the present study we have investigated the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of a series of novel chalcone derivatives (Figure 1) by evaluation of their effects on COX, lipoxygenase (LOX), and pro-inflammatory cytokines.…”

Evaluation of the Effects of Tetrapleura tetraptera Extract and Clomiphene Citrate to Determine Influence of Reproductive Hormones and Estrous Cycle on Leukocyte Counts: Novel Evidence for a Potential Developmental Link Between Luteinizing Hormone and MID Cells

“…In addition, interleukin-6 has been shown to affect proliferation by targeting high proliferative potential-colony forming cells that share to a certain extent the characteristics of stem cell that produce leukocytes [28]. To further support the reduction in neutrophil count by pod extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera, chalcone derivatives have been shown to inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis [29] thereby inhibiting the recruitment and migration of neutrophils in the circulation thereby causing reduction in the circulating neutrophil.…”