Synthesis and evaluation of ginsenosides imprinted polymer‐based chromatographic stationary phase

Abstract

The molecular imprinting technique has aroused great interest in preparing novel stationary phases, and the resulting materials named molecularly imprinted polymers coated silica packing materials exhibit good performance in separating diverse analytes based on their good characteristics (including high selectivity, simple synthesis, and good chemical stability). To date, monotemplate is commonly used in synthesizing molecularly imprinted polymersbased stationary phases. The resulting materials always own the disadvantages of low column efficiency and restricted analytes, and the price of ginsenosides with high purity was very high. In this study, to overcome the weaknesses of molecularly imprinted polymers-based stationary phases mentioned above, the multi-templates (total saponins of folium ginseng) strategy was used to prepare ginsenosides imprinted polymer-based stationary phase. The resulting ginsenosides imprinted polymer-coated silica stationary phase has a good spherical shape and suitable pore structures. Additionally, the total saponins of folium ginseng were cheaper than other kinds of ginsenosides. Moreover, the ginsenosides imprinted polymer-coated silica stationary phase-packed column performed well in the separation of ginsenosides, nucleosides, and sulfonamides. The ginsenosides imprinted polymer-coated silica stationary phase possesses good reproducibility, repeatability, and stability for seven days. Therefore, a multitemplates strategy for synthesizing the ginsenosides imprinted polymer-coated silica stationary phase is considered in the future. K E Y W O R D Schromatographic properties, molecular imprinting, polar pharmaceuticals, stationary phases, templates Article Related Abbreviations: EtOH, ethanol; HAC, acetic acid; MeOH, methanol; MIPs/SiO 2 , molecularly imprinted polymers coated silica; NIP/SiO 2 , non-imprinted polymer-modified silica microspheres; Sil-PEI/CDs, polyethyleneimine-functionalized carbon dots fabricated silica microbeads; XPS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; γ-MPS, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate.

Molecularly imprinted polymer-coated silica microbeads for high-performance liquid chromatography

“…The results represented that mixed-mode retention behavior, together with other interactions (such as hydrogen-bond interaction, van der Waals interaction forces, and ion exchange) existed in the process. 9,22…”

“…The HPLC instrument was equipped with binary pumps, an ultraviolet absorption detector, and manual injector (type, rheodyne7725i; quantitative loop, 5 μL). 22…”

“…The results represented that mixed-mode retention behavior, together with other interactions (such as hydrogenbond interaction, van der Waals interaction forces, and ion exchange) existed in the process. 9,22 As shown in Fig. S1, † the chemical structures of ginsenosides were very complex, and many hydroxyl groups existed in ginsenosides; nucleosides possess amino groups and hydroxyl groups; and fluorine with strong electronegativity existed in several pesticides.…”

“…21 Recently, our research group synthesized diverse MIPs/SiO 2 separation materials using ginsenosides or zidovudine as templates and the resulting separation materials showed good performances in chromatographic separation of several types of analytes. 22,23 In order to further improve their separation properties towards sulfonamides, pesticides, or other types of highly polar compounds including ginsenosides and nucleosides, 24,25 other types of MIPs/SiO 2 should be developed using different templates.…”