Synthesis and evaluation of N, O‐doped hypercrosslinked polymers and their performance in CO₂ capture

Abstract

A series of N, O-doped hypercrosslinked microporous polymers (HCPs) with high surface area and rich microporosity were constructed via facile Friedel-Crafts alkylation promoted by anhydrous ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ), which used benzyl alcohol (BA) and 2-phenylimidazole (PID) as the basic building blocks. The effects of structural composition on the pore properties and gas adsorption properties of prepared HCPs were systematically investigated. The results show that by adjusting the ratio of PID to BA, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area and pore volume of the prepared HCPs can be controlled, and the BET specific surface area of the polymers range from 732-992 m 2 /g. Gas uptake experiments indicate that the obtained HCPs exhibit very high CO 2 adsorption capacity up to 3.55 mmol/g at 273 K/1.0 bar. Simultaneously, these N, O-doped HCPs also show quite high isosteric heat of CO 2 sorption at the low coverage (up to 33 kJ/mol). In addition, the prepared HCPs have excellent selective adsorption performance, and the optimal selective adsorption of CO 2 /N 2 is 62. These results demonstrate that these prepared HCPs are potential candidates for applications in CO 2 capture.

Flow synthesis of hypercrosslinked polymers with additional microporosity that enhances CO2/N2separation

“…, from batch to flow reactor type. This is unique from existing strategies such as HCP functionalisation, 21–23 the use of bespoke monomers 25,26 and tailoring synthesis conditions (heat, duration, etc. ).…”

“…Results from this work support the theory that flow synthesis could be used to scale the production of good-quality HCPs. This is different from existing approaches that rely on HCP functionalisation, 21–23 utilisation of bespoke 24 or novel 25,26 monomers in HCP synthesis, and modified synthesis protocols. 15 Our approach establishes a new method to tailor and enhance HCP CO 2 /N 2 selectivity via reactor design and flow synthesis.…”

“…This outcome demonstrated that HCP CO 2 /N 2 selectivity could be improved through optimisation of the reaction parameters via reactor design, i.e., from batch to ow reactor type. This is unique from existing strategies such as HCP functionalisation, [21][22][23] the use of bespoke monomers 25,26 and tailoring synthesis conditions (heat, duration, etc. ).…”

Assessing the Environmental Impacts of Flow and Batch Syntheses of Hypercrosslinked Polymers for Low-Pressure Co2 Adsorption

“…This approach usually works for post-combustion carbon capture where it relies on direct contact between the flue gas and solid adsorbents in a batch operation, followed by regeneration of adsorbents for multicycle utilization [3]. Adsorbents studied for such applications include activated carbons [4], metal-organic frameworks [5], and microporous polymers [6] such as hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs) [7][8][9]. HCPs can be synthesised from various aromatic building blocks, ranging from simple benzene rings [10] to styrene-based copolymer [11] to macrocyclic compound cucurbiturils [12] via Friedel-Crafts alkylation.…”

CO2 capture by benzene‐based hypercrosslinked polymer adsorbent: Artificial neural network and response surface methodology

“…[33] In recent years, many works of research on CO 2 adsorption using HCP materials were carried out. [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] Li et al synthesized the glucose-, galactose-, and arabinose-based HCPs by the Friedel-Crafts synthesis method and the CO 2 uptake capabilities of the synthesized HCP adsorbents were studied at 273 and 298 K. [40] Liu et al studied CO 2 uptake by divinyl benzene-based HCP at 298 K. In addition, the synthesized HCP was modified through amine functionalization, and the effect of some parameters including amine type, amine loading, and CO 2 gas concentration on CO 2 adsorption capability of the modified adsorbents were investigated. [41] Luo et al investigated the CO 2 and H 2 adsorption capacity of polythiophene-, polypyrrole-, and polyfuran-based HCPs at 273 and 77 K. [44] Zhu et al investigated the CO 2 capture process at 273 and 298 K using HCP adsorbent based on carbazole and 2,4,6-TricarbazoloÀ1,3,5-triazine as a monomer.…”