Synthesis and heavy metal ion adsorptivity of macroreticular chelating resins containing phosphono and carboxylic acid groups

Abstract

Macroreticular copolymer beads were prepared by suspension polymerization of 4‐vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC), divinylbenzene (DVB) and monomers with carboxylic ester groups like dibutyl maleate (DBM), dibutyl fumarate (DBF) and dibutyl itaconate (DBI) in the presence of toluene as diluent. The copolymer beads were phosphorylated at the chloromethylated phenyl rings with triethyl phosphite and hydrolyzed by an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution; the hydrolysis on the bead surface converted carboxylic ester/phosphonate groups into carboxylic acid/phosphono groups, respectively. The investigations on the metal ion chelation characteristics of the H‐form copolymer beads revealed that they have good adsorptivity toward heavy metal ions like Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+, and poor adsorptivity toward ions like Hg2+ and UO22+. The adsorptivity caused by the three carboxylic ester monomer derivatives was in the order DBM > DBI > DBF. Especially, the Na‐form copolymer beads neutralized by alkali treatment were very available for the adsorption of all the metal ions under investigation.

Polymer-Supported Phosphoric, Phosphonic and Phosphinic Acids—From Synthesis to Properties and Applications in Separation Processes

“…However, placing two or more different functional groups on a polymer matrix is a good way to solve problems with their proximity—as explained by Trochimczuk, all factors reducing mobility and increasing the distance between functional groups have adverse effect on ion removal [ 72 ]. Many works describing synergistic properties of different functional groups were published over the years [ 72 ]—e.g., resins with phosphonic and amino groups [ 99 ], phosphinic [ 70 ], phosphonic and sulfonic [ 51 ], phosphonic and various carboxylic groups [ 100 ]. For instance, in highly acidic conditions or in the presence of excess of sodium ions, sulphonic groups contributed only to hydrophilicity of the resin, thus increasing transport of ions, whereas phosphonic ones were responsible for the resins’ selectivity [ 51 ].…”

“… From the left: resin with phosphonic and sulfonic functional groups [ 51 ], phosphonic and amino groups [ 99 ], phosphonic and various carboxylic groups [ 100 ]. …”

Ion Exchange Technologies

“…The choice of hydroxamic acids is based on their application in mineral processing as collectors in flotation of haematite, pyrolusite or bastnaesite ores. The copolymer of malonic acid dihydroximate with styrene-divinylbenzene was used for uranium(VI) removal from sea water (Park & Suh, 1996). In the paper by Ahuja (1996) it was found that glycin hydroximate resin shows maximum adsorption for Fe(III), Cu(II) and Zn(II) at pH 5.…”

Rhodium(i) diphenylphosphine complexes supported on porous organic polymers as efficient and recyclable catalysts for alkene hydrogenation

“…[12][13][14] These materials contain well-developed micropores and mesopores, therefore should decrease the diffusion limitations and signicantly improve the accessibility to the reactive pending groups and produce highly dispersed catalysts. [15][16][17] In this way, Canali et al 18 have reported a porous polystyrene/ polymethacrylate-based resin with supported Jacobsen's chiral Mn-saliciden-ethylenediamine complexes for alkene enantioselective oxidation. Drake et al have explored the use of vinylbenzyl chloride-based resins which have been aminated using N,N,N 0 -trimethylethylenediamine to produce coordinated Pt(II) catalysts for the hydrosilylation of 1-octene using methyldichlorosilane at room temperature.…”