Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease that causes neurological disabilities mostly in young adults. Curcumin (CUR), a polyphenol found in Turmeric, has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in autoimmune diseases including MS, although it has low bioavailability and solubility. In the present study, administration of CUR and FCUR, a potent synthetic derivative of CUR, on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), animal model of MS, was investigated. MOG-induced EAE mice were treated with placebo, 4 mg/Kg CUR, or 4 mg/Kg FCUR 10 days post immunization. After 20 days of treatment, mice were euthanized and subjected to ex-vivo examination. Protein was detected with ELISA and western blot. mRNA level was measured with qRT-PCR. The results showed that compared with the control group, in both CUR and FCUR treated groups, clinical score was improved. Histological H&E staining of spinal cord tissue demonstrated reduction in lymphocyte infiltration. Cytokine production of IL-6 and IL-17 decreased and TGF-β increased in the splenocytes and serum. Also the compounds stimulated mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β, FOXP3, GATA3, MBP, and Olig2, and inhibited IL-1, IL-17, IFN-γ, RORγt, and T-bet genes in spinal cord lymphocytes. However, no considerable effect on PDGFRα, nestin, GAS6, Tyro3, and MERTK regulation was observed. The reported results were more significant in FCUR treated group. In conclusion, this study suggests that CUR and FCUR can alleviate neurological symptoms, reduce inflammation, and increase remyelination and neuroprotection. However, the stronger preliminary efficacy of FCUR would render this newly synthesized derivative as a potent therapeutic candidate against MS.