Synthesis and Optimization of Nanoparticle Chitosan-Tripolyphospate Centella asiatica using Ionic Gelation Method with Difference Sonification Time

Abstract

Nanoparticles from natural polymer materials chitosan are widely applied in drug delivery systems because of their unique properties, such as biocompatible, biodegradable, mucoadhesive, and increased permeation. This study aimed to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles Centella asiatica. The method used is ionic gelation using the crosslinker polyanion tripolyphosphate (TPP) with a difference in sonification time: 90, 120, 150 minutes. The difference in sonification to obtain the preparation conditions that can produce particles under 200nm with a good level of dispersion and stability, a study on the effect of sonification time on chitosan nanoparticles physical characteristics is performed. The PSA analysis result showed that the average particle size of C.asiatica extracts at 90, 120, 150 minutes sonication was 286.2nm, 269.2nm, 299.1nm. The results of the examination using FTIR showed that the C. asiatica extract had N-H and P = O groups, which meant that the ammonium ion had interaction of chitosan with the polyanion of TPP and C. asiatica extract. N-H absorption of pure chitosan shifted from 1597.06cm-1 to 1640.56cm-1, indicating a crosslinking between ammonium ions in chitosan and phosphate ions from TPP and C. asiatica extract. The formulation of using XRD showed that the amorf form of nanoparticle C. asiatica extracts is supported by particle morphology imaged using SEM. Based on the results obtained, the synthesis of nanoparticles C. asiatica extract in this study has been successful.