“…Two peaks appear at 853.9 and 872.2 eV in the Ni 2p spectrum (Figure 3A), corresponding to the binding energies of Ni 2+ 2p 3/2 , and 2p 1/2 ; the peaks at 860.1 and 878.8 eV could be attributed to the satellite peaks (Yang et al, 2019;Wu et al, 2020). As shown in Figure 3B, the peak located at 530.6 eV could be attributed to the lattice oxygen of NiO (Wang et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2018). Figure 3C displays the high-resolution XPS spectra of Cd 3d; the binding energies at 405.2 and 411.9 eV correspond to the Cd 3d 5/2 and Cd 3d 3/2 of the Cd 2+ in CdS nanorods, respectively (Bai et al, 2010;Zhou P. et al, 2017;Behera et al, 2019).…”