Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Acrylate Anion Based Ionic Liquids

Abstract

Two polymerizable ionic liquids (or monomeric ionic liquids, mILs) namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium and choline acrylates ([C4mim]A and ChA, respectively) were synthesized using the modified Fukumoto method from corresponding chlorides. The chemical structure of the prepared mILs was confirmed with FTIR and NMR study. Investigation of the thermal properties with DSC demonstrates that both mILs have a Tg temperature of about 180 K and a melting point around 310 K. It was shown that the temperature dependence of FTIR confirm the Tg to be below 200. Both mILs exhibited non-Newtonian shear thinning rheological behavior at shear rates >4 s−1. It was shown that [C4mim]A is able to dissolve bacterial cellulose (BC) leading to a decrease in its degree of polymerization and recrystallisation upon regeneration with water; although in the ChA, the crystalline structure and nanofibrous morphology of BC was preserved. It was demonstrated that the thixotropic and rheological properties of cellulose dispersion in ChA at room temperature makes this system a prospective ink for 3D printing with subsequent UV-curing. The 3D printed filaments based on ChA, containing 2 wt% of BC, and 1% of N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide after radical polymerization induced with 1% 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, demonstrated Young’s modulus 7.1 ± 1.0 MPa with 1.2 ± 0.1 MPa and 40 ± 5% of strength and ultimate elongation, respectively.

Understanding the effect of the calcination process on the structure of mesoporous silica zirconia photocatalysts for Bisphenol A degradation

“…This species significantly improves photocatalytic systems by interacting with photogenerated holes to improve charge transfer and prevent recombination of electron-hole pairs. The band at 1465 cm -1 was attributed to the ammonium ions [15]. FT-IR spectra of both materials showed the typical characteristic peaks of silica at ∼1060-760 cm -1 , agreeing with the vibrations of the Si-O-Si bond [10].…”

Recent Advances in Cellulose-Based Hydrogels Prepared by Ionic Liquid-Based Processes

“…By using water as an antisolvent, the regenerated ink hydrogel on a PET substrate exhibits structural distortion, whereas there is no such issues on glass [223]. Using 30-40% w/w water as a cosolvent with bacterial cellulose dissolved in choline acrylate (a polymerizable IL) was studied by Fedotovam et al [224,225]. The addition of water exhibited the printability and stability of inks.…”

“…When further increasing the water content (50% w/w), the yield stress increased due to the amorphization, swelling, and agglomeration of cellulose nanofibers [224,225].…”

Water Influence on the Physico-Chemical Properties and 3D Printability of Choline Acrylate—Bacterial Cellulose Inks

“…All the mentioned works concerning the use of co-solvents were conducted with imidazolium-based ILs. However, the degrees of crystallinity and polymerization of cel-lulose decreases when this type of solvent is used [40][41][42]. This is not favorable for the mechanical properties of materials after printing.…”

“…This is not favorable for the mechanical properties of materials after printing. At the same time, choline-based IL can form dispersions of CNF without a significant influence on their crystalline structure, fibrillar morphology and degree of polymerization [40,43], making choline-based ILs attractive for ink preparation. The successful application of polymerizable choline acrylate (ChA) as a base for cellulose-containing inks for 3D printing was demonstrated earlier [40].…”