The bolaform 1-glucosamide 1 and its deacetylated derivative 2 (N,N‘-bis(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)deca-4,6-diyne-1,10-dicarboxamide and N,N‘-bis(β-d-glucopyranosyl)deca-4,6-diyne-1,10-dicarboxamide, respectively) have been synthesized and their self-assembled structures
investigated. The hydrophobic peracetylated derivative 1 formed an organogel from solution in boiling
ethyl acetate/n-hexane mixtures on cooling to room temperature. In contrast, 2 produced fibrous assemblies
from aqueous solution on addition of THF via vapor diffusion. Energy filtering transmission electron
microscopy (EF-TEM) revealed the formation of nanometer-sized fibers (nanofibers) with widths of between
6 and 20 nm and more than 50 nm for 1 and 2, respectively. The amide and sugar hydroxyl groups in 2
allow formation of stronger, multiple hydrogen bond networks in the nanofiber than for 1. Powder X-ray
diffraction studies revealed that fibers derived from 2 displayed a higher molecular packing order than
those from 1. Exposure of a dispersion of either nanofiber to UV light resulted in the appearance of a red
coloration. While the UV-irradiated nanofibers of 1 were readily soluble in CHCl3, those of 2 required
peracetylation to allow dissolution. Subsequent gel permeation chromatography for the UV-irradiated
nanofibers displayed peak-top molecular weights corresponding to 13-mer and 64-mer for 1 and 2,
respectively. On the basis of EF-TEM observation, no significant morphological changes in the fibers
were found after UV-initiated polymerization. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that the
polymerization proceeds efficiently within the nanofiber morphologies with higher molecular packing
order leading to a higher degree of polymerization to give π-conjugated polymer chains.