Synthesis and Preservation of Polymer Nanoparticles for Pharmaceutical Applications

Barresi, Antonello; Vanni, Marco; Fissore, Davide; Zelenková, Tereza

doi:10.1002/9781119041412.ch9

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…DLS analysis showed that diameter decreased exponentially as the inlet flow rate increases up to a threshold value of about 80 mL/min, above which the NP size tended to oscillate around an asymptotic value. Such trend is in accordance with our previous data [ 29 , 33 , 51 , 52 ] for loaded and unloaded NPs; moreover, the same phenomenon has been extensively observed in the literature [ 27 , 30 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Functionalization of Cotton Fabrics with Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles for Transdermal Release of Melatonin

Massella

Leone

Peila

et al. 2017

JFB

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Drug delivery by means of transdermal patches raised great interest as a non-invasive and sustained therapy. The present research aimed to design a patch for transdermal delivery of melatonin, which was encapsulated in polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) by employing flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) technique. Melatonin-loaded PCL nanoparticles were successfully prepared with precise control of the particle size by effectively tuning process parameters. The effect of process parameters on the particle size was assessed by dynamic light scattering for producing particles with suitable size for transdermal applications. Quantification of encapsulated melatonin was performed by mean of UV spectrophotometry, obtaining the estimation of encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and loading capacity (LC%). An EE% higher than 80% was obtained. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis of NPs was performed to confirm effective encapsulation in the solid phase. Cotton fabrics, functionalized by imbibition with the nano-suspension, were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy to check morphology, adhesion and distribution of the NPs on the surface; melatonin transdermal release from the functionalized fabric was performed via Franz’s cells by using a synthetic membrane. NPs were uniformly distributed on cotton fibres, as confirmed by SEM observations; the release test showed a continuous and controlled release whose kinetics were satisfactorily described by Baker–Lonsdale model.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Functionalization of Cotton Fabrics with Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles for Transdermal Release of Melatonin

Massella

Leone

Peila

et al. 2017

JFB

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“…Figure 1 shows that, in the selected range of operating conditions, nanoparticles with the required size (from 250 to 400 nm) can be obtained. The average diameter decreases as the inlet flow rate increases, confirming that the flow rate (and, thus, the intensity of mixing) has the influence already discussed in the literature (see for example [11,12,16,26,51,53,54]). As already discussed in our previous works and described by several research groups, such an inverse correlation between the flow rate and diameter was valid up to a flow rate threshold (in our system, approximately 50–80 mL/min); in fact, no further nanoparticle size reduction can be obtained once the mixing time is shorter than the characteristic time of the other formation processes.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Overcoming the Limits of Flash Nanoprecipitation: Effective Loading of Hydrophilic Drug into Polymeric Nanoparticles with Controlled Structure

et al. 2018

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Flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) is a widely used technique to prepare particulate carriers based on various polymers, and it was proven to be a promising technology for the industrial production of drug loaded nanoparticles. However, up to now, only its application to hydrophobic compounds has been deeply studied and the encapsulation of some strongly hydrophilic compounds, such as caffeine, remains a challenge. Caffeine loaded poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles were produced in a confined impinging jet mixer using acetone as the solvent and water as the antisolvent. Caffeine was dissolved either in acetone or in water to assess the effects of two different process conditions. Nanoparticles properties were assessed in terms of loading capacity (LC%), encapsulation efficiency (EE%), and in vitro release kinetics. Samples were further characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photo electron spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy to determine the size, morphology, and structure of nanoparticles. FNP was proved an effective technique for entrapping caffeine in PCL and to control its release behavior. The solvent used to solubilize caffeine influences the final structure of the obtained particles. It was observed that the active principle was preferentially adsorbed at the surface when using acetone, while with water, it was embedded in the matrix structure. The present research highlights the possibility of extending the range of applications of FNP to hydrophilic molecules.

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“…The increase observed for both PCL and PLGA is in agreement with previous findings for various polymers and can be described by the same power law type relationship (see Eq. (3)), indicating that, in this relatively low concentration range, particle formation can be interpreted by a nucleation-aggregation mechanism that is typical of high supersaturation conditions [26,31]. Exponent values reported in literature for different polymers vary in a wider range than for the flow rate dependence, but for PCL and PLGA the data obtained in this work suggest the same dependence (that is size proportional to c pol 0.29 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…the size of the particles that can be obtained, on the other hand, can be largely different, as in the present case, because it depends on polymer structure and also on molecular weight [26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

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Nanoparticles obtained by confined impinging jet mixer: poly(lactide-co-glycolide) vs. Poly-ε-caprolactone

Turino

Stella

Dosio

et al. 2018

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy

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This paper is focused on the production and characterization of polymeric nanoparticles obtained by nanoprecipitation. The method consisted of using a confined impinging jet mixer (CIJM), circumventing high-energy equipment. Differences between the use of poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) as concerns particle mean size, zeta potential, and broad-spectrum antibiotic florfenicol entrapment were investigated. Other analyzed variables were polymer concentration, solvent, and anti-solvent flow rates, and antibiotic initial concentration. To our knowledge, no data were found related to PLGA and PCL nanoparticles comparison using CIJM. Also, florfenicol encapsulation within PCL or PLGA nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation has not been reported yet. The complexity of the nanoprecipitation phenomena has been confirmed, with many relevant variables involved in particles formation. PLGA resulted in smaller and more stable nanoparticles with higher entrapping of florfenicol than PCL.

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Synthesis and Preservation of Polymer Nanoparticles for Pharmaceutical Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 126 publications

Functionalization of Cotton Fabrics with Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles for Transdermal Release of Melatonin

Functionalization of Cotton Fabrics with Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles for Transdermal Release of Melatonin

Overcoming the Limits of Flash Nanoprecipitation: Effective Loading of Hydrophilic Drug into Polymeric Nanoparticles with Controlled Structure

Nanoparticles obtained by confined impinging jet mixer: poly(lactide-co-glycolide) vs. Poly-ε-caprolactone

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