Synthesis and Properties of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants

Xu, Qun; Wang, Liyan; Fu, Xing

doi:10.1007/s11743-010-1207-6

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The results obtained are summarized in Table 3, which also includes the following adsorption parameters: c CMC (the effectiveness of surface tension reduction) and pC 20 (the efficiency of surface adsorption as the negative logarithm of the bulk surfactant concentration C 20 required to reduce the surface tension of water by 20 mN m -1 ). We can conclude from the c CMC and pC 20 values that D-MEAS has stronger effectiveness of surface tension reduction and better efficiency of surface adsorption than D-MEA, M-DEAS and M-DEA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Properties of Mono or Double Long‐Chain Alkanolamine Surfactants

Zhang

Yan

Qiu

et al. 2013

J Surfact & Detergents

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Two types of N‐substituted long‐chain alkanolamine surfactants were prepared. Firstly, octadecyl glycidyl ether was synthesized from octadecanol and epichlorohydrin. Subsequently, a ring‐opening reaction of the epoxide ring of octadecyl glycidyl ether was performed with monoethanolamine and diethanolamine to synthesize bis(octadecyloxy)‐2‐ hydroxypropylmonoethanolamine (D‐MEA)and octadecyloxy‐2‐hydroxypropyldiethanolamine(M‐DEA) without catalyst at 60 °C, respectively. And their corresponding tertiary amine salts bis(octadecyloxy)‐2‐hydroxypropylmonoethanolamine hydrochloride (D‐MEAS) and octadecyloxy‐2‐hydroxypropyldiethanolamine hydrochloride (M‐DEAS) were attained by neutralization with hydrochloric acid. The study on these four surfactants included their surface active properties, foaming abilities, emulsifying properties, lime‐soap dispersion abilities and wetting abilities. The results show that D‐MEAS possesses the best surface active property and lime‐soap dispersion ability. D‐MEA has better foaming ability and foaming stability. The wetting ability of M‐DEA and the emulsifying property of M‐DEAS are prominent.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Properties of Mono or Double Long‐Chain Alkanolamine Surfactants

Zhang

Yan

Qiu

et al. 2013

J Surfact & Detergents

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“…23 The surface activity of a surfactant is reliant on different factors such as pH, temperature, and concentration. 30,31 As shown in Fig. 30 The values of surface tension and CMC of the used surfactants followed below order: PEG (74.5 mN m À1 and 0.78 mol L À1 ) ˃ SLS (47.5 mN m À1 and 0.44 mol L À1 ) > CTAC (37.0 mN m À1 and 0.0015 mol L À1 ).…”

Section: Standard Aerobic Plate Countmentioning

confidence: 91%

Purification of avian biological material to refined keratin fibres

et al. 2015

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Keratin derived from chicken feather fibres (CFFs) has many potential applications that are constrained by the quality and pathogen content after purification treatment. The pathogen activity after purification has not been evaluated elsewhere. Plucked chicken feathers are prone to impose biological hazards due to accommodating blood-borne pathogens; therefore, establishing an efficient purification process is crucial. Bactericidal performance of surfactants (anionic, non-ionic, and cationic), bleach (ozone and chlorine dioxide), ethanol extraction, and a combination method comprising surfactant-bleach-ethanol extraction on chicken feathers was investigated via (A) standard plate count and enumeration of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas species, coagulase positive Staphylococcus, aerobic and anaerobic spore-formers and (B) Salmonella and Campylobacter detection tests. Among the purification methods, only ethanol extraction and combination methods eliminated Salmonella from the untreated feathers.Although ethanol extraction exhibited superior bactericidal impact compared to the combination method, the feathers treated through the latter method demonstrated superior morphological and mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy was employed to determine the remaining content of selected purifiers on treated CFFs. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the successful removal of fatty esters from CFFs using nominated purifiers.Ethanol extraction was found to be the most efficacious single treatment, while combination of surfactant and oxidative sterilizer with ethanol was superior.

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“…An emulsion made from paraffin liquid (20 mL) and surfactant solution (0.15 %, 20 mL) was prepared in a 250-mL iodine flask [28,29]. The flask was shaken vigorously five times and then allowed to rest for 1 min.…”

Section: Emulsifying Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Properties and Phase Behavior of Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride/Alkyl Polyglycoside Surfactant Mixtures

Han

Yang

Liu³

et al. 2015

J Surfact & Detergents

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Mixed surfactant systems, used in many formulations, have aroused great attention and interest from researchers and industry due to the possibility of synergism. Alkyl polyglycoside (APG) and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) mixtures combine the excellent properties of pure surfactants and play an important role in the development of multi‐functional washing products. To study the synergism between APG and DDAC, the physicochemical properties of different mixed systems have been investigated. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) is about 180 mg·L−1 and the surface tension at the CMC is about 26.0 mN·m−1 at a mass fraction of 40 % DDAC (ωDDAC40 %). The values are significantly lower than pure surfactants. The foaming property shows the best performance at ωDDAC20 %. When the mass fraction of DDAC is 80 %, the mixture exhibits better wetting and emulsifying properties. Synergism was observed in surface tension, foaming and emulsifying properties, while the wetting ability and detergency exhibited no such effects. Phase behavior of the APG/DDAC/water ternary system has also been carried out by polarized optical microscope. The phase diagram is characterized by a micellar phase, a region where lamellar and micellar phases coexist and a lamellar phase.

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Synthesis and Properties of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants

Cited by 63 publications

References 22 publications

Synthesis and Properties of Mono or Double Long‐Chain Alkanolamine Surfactants

Synthesis and Properties of Mono or Double Long‐Chain Alkanolamine Surfactants

Purification of avian biological material to refined keratin fibres

Physicochemical Properties and Phase Behavior of Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride/Alkyl Polyglycoside Surfactant Mixtures

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