Synthesis and properties of radiation‐induced acrylamide–acrylic acid hydrogels

Abstract

Acrylamide (AAm)/acrylic acid (AAc) hydrogels in the cylindirical form were prepared by ␥-irradiating binary systems of AAm/AAc with 2.6 -20.0 kGy ␥-rays. The effect of the dose and relative amounts of AAc and pH on the swelling properties, diffusion behavior of water, diffusion coefficients, and network properties of hydrogel systems was investigated. The swelling capacities of AAm/AAc hydrogels were in the range of 1000 -3000%, while poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) hydrogels swelled in the range of 450 -700%. Water diffusion into hydrogels was found to be non-Fickian-type diffusion. Diffusion coefficients of AAm/AAc hydrogels were found between 0.79 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 and 2.78 ϫ 10 Ϫ5 cm 2 min Ϫ1 .

Effect of cross-linker and initiator concentration on the swelling behaviour and network parameters of superabsorbent hydrogels based on acrylamide and acrylic acid

“…Because of their excellent properties, these SAPs are already well established in various applications, such as disposable diapers, hygienic napkins, cement, drug delivery systems, sensors and agriculture [1]. In such applications high water absorbency or water retention is essential; therefore, [2,3] attempts have been made to improve these absorbent polymers by enhancing their absorbency, gel strength and absorption rate by manipulating the synthesis conditions, such as solvent [4], cross-linking degree [5] and monomer composition. Their use for agriculture-based applications has shown promising results, however in order to reduce cost and effi cacy, very high water absorbency and retention per unit weight of SAPs are essential.…”

Radiation synthesis of poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone‐co‐methacrylic acid) hydrogels and their usability in uranyl ion adsorption

“…The acetate and nitrate anions of the heavy metal salts affect swelling. Acetate salts dissolve as molecularly in the aqueous solution whereas nitrate salts dissolve as ions 13…”

“…In this work, poly( N ‐vinylpyrrolidone‐ co ‐methacrylic acid) P(VP/MAA) copolymer hydrogels were prepared by means of γ‐rays induced homo and copolymerization as a clean and environment friendly source of initiation. The factors effect on the preparation and properties of the hydrogels were investigated and the adsorbing ability of the prepared hydrogels of uranyl ions was examined 9–13…”

Copper and Nickel Removal from Aqueous Solutions Using New Chelating Poly[Acrylamide/N‐vinyl pyrrolidone/3‐(2‐hydroxyethyl carbamoyl)acrylic acid] Hydrogels

“…They have acquired a great interest due to the facility of the incorporation of different chelating groups into the polymeric networks. Recently, it has been reported that chelating hydrogels having a specific functional group can be applied to the recovery of precious metal, removal of toxic or radioactive elements from various effluents and to metal preconcentration for environmental sample analysis (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Such polymeric hydrogels are also promising materials in the field of hydrometallurgical application and water purification, due to their chemical, hydrolytic and thermal stability (19,20).…”