Synthesis and properties of thermosetting resin based on urushiol

Xu, Hongli; Lu, Zhou; Zhang, Guangzhao

doi:10.1039/c2ra00829g

Cited by 91 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Besides, many efforts have also been made in chemical tailoring of benzoxazine monomer based on the molecular design flexibility. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Despite the obvious toughening effects reported, this method is complex and arduous in synthesis of the benzoxazine precursors. Thus, searching a feasible approach for toughening polybenzoxazine resins is necessary.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/macp201700517mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significant Improvement on Polybenzoxazine Toughness Achieved by Amine/Benzoxazine Copolymerization‐Induced Phase Separation

Zhao

et al. 2018

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Two commercially available amines, octanediamine (ODM) and m‐xylylenediamine (MXDM), are chosen for tough polybenzoxazine resin due to their controllable capability to cause phase separation during the copolymerization with benzoxazine monomers. The toughening behavior and phase separation of the cured resins are investigated using tensile tests and analyses of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), scanning electron microscope, and thermal gravimetry–gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. The resulting networks show remarkable toughness without obvious degradation in thermomechanical performance. Especially, when ODM/MXDM molar ratio is 1:1, an elongation rate of 10.55% and a breaking strength of 82.67 Mpa, which are 86% and 128% higher than that of the neat benzoxazine resin, respectively, are achieved. These findings open a new way to improve toughness of brittle polybenzoxazine resins.

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Section: Doi: 101002/macp201700517mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, many efforts have also been made in chemical tailoring of benzoxazine monomer based on the molecular design flexibility . Despite the obvious toughening effects reported, this method is complex and arduous in synthesis of the benzoxazine precursors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Improvement on Polybenzoxazine Toughness Achieved by Amine/Benzoxazine Copolymerization‐Induced Phase Separation

Zhao

et al. 2018

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…As aromatic compounds including phenolic derivates are the second most abundant class of organic compounds in nature representing about 25% of the earth's biomass, quite a large number of renewable phenol derivatives have been tested in recent years to synthesize benzoxazine precursors such as diphenolic acid, cardanol, vanillin, eugenol, chavicol, guaiacol, “lignin‐like” naturally occurring phenolic compounds (coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and phloretic acid), umbelliferone, arbutin, urushiol, catechol, etc. A special interest is focused on difunctional benzoxazine structure because it leads to cross‐linking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Bio‐Based Benzoxazines from Enzymatic Synthesis of Diphenols

Bonnaud

Chollet

Dumas

et al. 2018

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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This paper reports the preparation, characterization, and performance of three low viscosity fully bio‐based benzoxazine resins synthesized from bio‐based furfurylamine, paraformaldehyde, and three new enzymatic originated diphenols obtained through a sustainable and highly selective lipase‐catalyzed enzymatic process from p‐coumaric acid, and three bio‐based diols (propanediol, butanediol, and isosorbide, respectively). The enzymatic method is used for the first time, to the authors’ knowledge, to design specific diphenolic structures dedicated to the preparation of benzoxazine thermosetting resins whose precursors exhibit easy handling within a wide processing window (from room temperature up to 200 °C). The resulting cross‐linked materials present high glass transition temperature (T g > 200 °C) and inherent charring ability upon pyrolysis (≈50 wt% at 1000 °C). These results open a valuable and new pathway to develop enhanced benzoxazines and bring them new properties.

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“…However, most of these starting materials are derived from petro‐chemicals. Recently polybenzoxazines have been synthesized from a variety of renewable phenols such as cardanol, guaiacol, urushiol, diphenolic acid . Majority of these polybenzoxazines are partially bio‐based, since petroleum‐based amines are still used as co‐reactants in the synthesis of benzoxazine monomers and polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable benzoxazine monomer from Vanillin: Synthesis, characterization, and studies on curing behavior

Sini

Bijwe

Varma

2013

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

214

208

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A novel renewable based benzoxazine, 3‐(furan‐2‐ylmethyl)−8‐methoxy‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,3‐benzoxazine‐6‐formyl (Va‐Bz), has been synthesized from a lignin derived chemical “vanillin” without solvents. Poly (Va‐Bz) has high Tg and excellent thermal and adhesive properties. A mechanism of cross‐linking, due to electrophilic substitution at furan and decarboxylation of carboxylic group of benzene ring, is suggested. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014, 52, 7–11

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Synthesis and properties of thermosetting resin based on urushiol

Cited by 91 publications

References 51 publications

Significant Improvement on Polybenzoxazine Toughness Achieved by Amine/Benzoxazine Copolymerization‐Induced Phase Separation

Significant Improvement on Polybenzoxazine Toughness Achieved by Amine/Benzoxazine Copolymerization‐Induced Phase Separation

High‐Performance Bio‐Based Benzoxazines from Enzymatic Synthesis of Diphenols

Renewable benzoxazine monomer from Vanillin: Synthesis, characterization, and studies on curing behavior

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