Synthesis and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of a New Series of Chiral 4-Alkoxycarbonyl-2-(alkylamino)-1,3,2oxa or thiazaphospholidine-2-ones.-A new series of chiral 4-alkoxycarbonylthia-or oxazaphospholidinones (III) (21 examples) are synthesized by cyclization of L-serine or L-cysteine ester (I) with phosphoryl chloride followed by in situ reaction with a suitable L-amino acid ester (II). These compounds inhibit acetylcholinesterase. The chemical structure of compounds (III) is correlated with bioactivity using multiple regression analysis. -(ALI, HUSSEIN M.; MOHAMED, KHALED A.; Heteroat. Chem. 10 (1999) 6, 475-480; Dep. Agric. Biochem., Ain-Shams Univ., Cairo 11241, Egypt; EN)