2012
DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2011.07.015
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Synthesis and spectroelectrochemistry of new phthalocyanines with ester functionalities

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Cited by 43 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…Generally, phthalocyanine compounds have poor solubility in most organic solvents; however introduction of substituents on the peripheral or/and non-peripheral and/or on axial positions of the ring may act as spacers between phthalocyanine cores that are in close proximity and thus reduces the liability of forming aggregates and its consequence is excellent solubility in number of organic solvents [38][39][40][41][42]. In this sense, the phthalocyanine complexes (2-5) exhibited extreme solubility in toluene, dietyhlether, acetone, CHCl 3 , THF, ethylacetate, DMF, and DMSO.…”
Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Generally, phthalocyanine compounds have poor solubility in most organic solvents; however introduction of substituents on the peripheral or/and non-peripheral and/or on axial positions of the ring may act as spacers between phthalocyanine cores that are in close proximity and thus reduces the liability of forming aggregates and its consequence is excellent solubility in number of organic solvents [38][39][40][41][42]. In this sense, the phthalocyanine complexes (2-5) exhibited extreme solubility in toluene, dietyhlether, acetone, CHCl 3 , THF, ethylacetate, DMF, and DMSO.…”
Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The main limiting factor for phthalocyanines to be used in many areas is their poor solubility in solvents. A phthalocyanine must have a solubility in the application medium, generally water, at some points during the coloration process for the textile industry [14,15]. The solubility can be modified either by inserting different metal atoms into the inner core of the Pc ring or by substitution of functional groups at the peripheral/nonperipheral regions of the Pc ring with anionic or cationic groups, known as auxochromes (color helpers), examples of which are sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, or quaternized ammonium groups.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thanks to their πelectron conjugation, Pcs can readily undergo electron transfer reactions (3). There are two main substitution patterns for Pcs: Peripheral (2, 9(10), 16 (17), 23 (24)) and non-peripheral (1, 8(11), 15 (18), 22 (25)) and these patterns allow for greater solubility in organic solvents, thereby increasing the spectral behaviors and applications (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). To synthesize substituted Pcs, a reaction called cyclotetramerization must be exercised, and substituted phthalonitriles will give way to substituted phthalocyanines.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%