Nanobioengineered interfaces have gained attention owing
to their
small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio for utilization as
a platform for highly selective and sensitive biosensing applications
owing to the integration of biological molecules with engineered nanomaterials/nanocomposites.
In this work, a novel Ag-complex, [(PPh
3
)
2
Ag(SCOf)]-based
quaternary Ag–S–Zn–O nanocomposites (NCs), was
synthesized through an environmentally-friendly process. The results
revealed the formation of the NCs with an average crystallite size
and particle size of 36.08 and 40.22 nm, respectively. In addition,
this is the first study to utilize such NCs synthesized via a single-source
precursor method, offering enhanced sensor performance due to their
unique structural properties. Further, these NCs were used to fabricate
a urease (Ur)/Ag–S–Zn–O NCs/ITO nanobioengineered
electrode for precise and sensitive electrochemical biosensing of
urea. The interfacial kinetic studies revealed quasi-reversible processes
with high electron transfer rates and linear current responses, indicating
efficient reaction dynamics. A high diffusion coefficient and low
surface concentration suggested a fast diffusion-controlled process,
affirming the electrode’s potential for rapid and sensitive
urea detection. The biosensor demonstrated notable sensing properties
such as high sensitivity (12.56 μA mM
–1
cm
–2
) and a low detection limit (0.54 mM). The fabricated
bioelectrode was highly selective and reproducible and demonstrated
stability for up to 60 days. These results validate the potential
of this nanobioengineered interface for next-generation biosensing
applications, paving the way for advanced point-of-care diagnostics
and real-time health monitoring.