“…In the FT-IR spectra (Fig. 2b), theabsorptionpeak at 574and 667 cm 1 can be assigned to the Co3O4 spinel oxide; besides the bands for Co3O4, stretching bonds of CueO and NieO at 418 and 443 cm 1 respectively were also observed, indicating that the NiO and CuO were formed on Co3O4 [27,28].…”