Synthesis and Study on Structural, Morphological and Magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Manganese Oxide

Abstract

Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation method followed by annealing of samples at 300 °C for 2 hours. The samples were characterized to find the structural, functional, optical, morphological, compositional and magnetic properties by PXRD, FTIR, Micro-Raman, HRSEM, TEM, XPS, EDX and VSM respectively. Structural studies by PXRD indicate that the annealing has strongly influenced the phase transition showing two coexisting phases of Mn 2 O 3 and Mn 3 O 4 . Micro-Raman spectra showed the presence of A 1g mode of vibration corresponding to Mn 3 O 4 phase. Magnetic studies of the as synthesized Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles depict paramagnetic behavior at room temperature.

Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical, Atomic and Structural Characteristics of Manganese (II, III) Oxide

“…Density was computed as the ratio of the weight of the unit cell to the volume of the unit cell. Micro strain and dislocation density were calculated [9] Where Δa is the difference in lattice parameter of control and treated powders and a c is the lattice parameter of control powder. Percentage change in volume, molecular weight, density, micro strain; dislocation density was computed in a similar manner.…”

“…Recently, magnetism and electrochemical properties in Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles are controlled by modulating the crystal structure by various processes such as annealing at high temperature [9], doping [10], hydrothermal [11], ultrasonic bath [12] and co-precipitation etc. Physical and chemical properties like particle size, surface area of Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles are controlled by various methods including vapor phase growth [13], thermal decomposition, chemical liquid precipitation and solvothermal [14,15].…”

“…It has been already reported that magnetic behaviour can be improved by increasing the crystalinity and particle size volume [9,16]. Hence in order to develop highly crystalline Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles and to improve its applicability at commercial level a simple and cost effective method should be designed.…”

Investigations on tri manganese tetra oxide nano particles prepared by thermal decomposition

“…Manganese oxide nanoparticles are water insoluble, brownish black powder and have no odor. Mn 3 O 4 has the spinel structure [3], where the oxide ions are cubically closed packed and the Mn II ions occupy tetrahedral sites whereas the Mn III occupy the octahedral sites [3,7].…”

“…Mn 3 O 4 is an important transition metal oxide due to its extensive applications in magnetic, electrochemical, lithium ion batteries, catalytic applications, super capacitors and dilute magnetic semiconductors etc. [7]. It is one of the most stable oxides of manganese [6].…”