Synthesis and thermal characterization of polybenzoxazines based on acetylene-functional monomers

Kim, H.J.; Brunovska, Zdenka; Ishida, Hatsuo

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00046-4

Cited by 245 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…[32][33][34][35][36][37] The thermograms of polybenzoxazines based on alkyl-substituted aryl amines and bisphenol-A are presented and discussed. [38] The polymerization of the benzoxazine monomer takes place through the opening of the heterocyclic ring or through the elimination of the imines from the benzoxazine ring, followed by the polymerization of the active species liberated.…”

Section: Tg Studies: Thermal Stability Of Polybenzoxazinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structurally diverse benzoxazines: synthesis, polymerization, and thermal stability

Vijayakumar¹,

Rishwana²,

Surender³

et al. 2013

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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Bisphenol-A is converted to indane bisphenol and spirobiindane bisphenol. The compounds bisphenol-A benzoxazine (BAB), indane bisphenol benzoxazine (IBPB), and spirobiindane bisphenol benzoxazine (SBIB) are prepared by condensing the respective bisphenols with paraformaldehyde and aniline. The structural characterization of the synthesized materials is done by using FTIR, 1 H, and 13 C NMR. Curing behavior of these benzoxazines and glass transition temperature for polybenzoxazines are studied using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The curing exotherm of these benzoxazines is much influenced by the nature of the aromatic unit present in the chosen bisphenol. Compared to the aromatic nucleus in BAB, the indane nucleus present in IBPB shifts the cure exotherm to lower temperatures, whereas the biindane moiety present in SBIB shifts the same to high temperatures. These benzoxazines are thermally cured both at the onset and at the peak maximum of the curing exotherm. The thermal stability of these cured materials is investigated using thermogravimetry. The nature of the aromatic nucleus present in the bisphenol and the temperature at which the curing is done decide the glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the polybenzoxazine.

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Section: Tg Studies: Thermal Stability Of Polybenzoxazinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structurally diverse benzoxazines: synthesis, polymerization, and thermal stability

Vijayakumar¹,

Rishwana²,

Surender³

et al. 2013

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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show abstract

“…Monofunctional benzoxazines, which are known to polymerize only into oligomeric and low molecular systems, exhibit a similar char yield. 26 Only when the possibility of forming more thermally stable cyclic structures is introduced will the char yield be significantly enhanced. At present, the thermal stability (as determined by the 5% weightloss temperature) shown by BA-mt and BA-35x is the highest thermal stability achieved from neat benzoxazine chemistry based on Bisphenol-A and unfunctionalized aniline derivatives.…”

Section: Thermal Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 It was hypothesized that crosslinking the pendent aromatic rings would stabilize the Mannich bridge from thermal degradation and prevent the pendant rings from volatilizing. Polybenzoxazines incorporating nitrile, phthalonitrile, and acetylene functional anilines have been produced, [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and they exhibit enhanced char yield and thermal stability over the unfunctionalized arylamine-based materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved thermal and mechanical properties of polybenzoxazines based on alkyl-substituted aromatic amines

Ishida

Sanders

2000

J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys.

172

145

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“…Benzoxazine monomers with additional functionalities. coumarine-containing benzoxazine, malemide functionalized monomers, acetylene functionalized monomers (Ph-apa), and allyl functionalized monomers (P-ala) are the examples of this modification path [9][10][11][12]. This method is able to provide various patterns of functional groups as tailor made to suit some were also improved with an incorporation of the aromatic carboxylic dianhydrides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Property enhancement of polybenzoxazine modified with monoanhydrides and dianhydrides

et al. 2015

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In this research, the incorporation of either monoanhydrides or dianhydrides with polybenzoxazine (PBA-a) can improve both thermal and mechanical properties with different manner. The property enhancements of PBA-a by monoanhydrides and dianhydrides were systematically investigated and compared. The glass transition temperatures (T g ) of the alloys were in order of PBA-a:NTDA>PBA-a:PMDA>>PBA-a:NA>PBA-a:PA. Furthermore, the T g of the alloys was observed to be higher than that of neat PBA-a owing to the crosslink density enhanced by the addition of anhydride. This greater crosslink density also results from additional ester linkage formation. The alloys display high decomposition temperature (T d ) reported at 10 % weight loss up to 430°C under nitrogen atmosphere and substantial enhancement in char yield at 800°C with a value of up to 63 % by weight. Additionally, toughness of the alloy films has been significantly improved with an addition of both types of the anhydrides. The results of this work suggest effective methods to enhance thermal properties of the PBA-a with an incorporation of the dianhydrides, while monoanhydrides were required as a PBA-a modifiers for better mechanical properties.

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Synthesis and thermal characterization of polybenzoxazines based on acetylene-functional monomers

Cited by 245 publications

References 14 publications

Structurally diverse benzoxazines: synthesis, polymerization, and thermal stability

Structurally diverse benzoxazines: synthesis, polymerization, and thermal stability

Improved thermal and mechanical properties of polybenzoxazines based on alkyl-substituted aromatic amines

Property enhancement of polybenzoxazine modified with monoanhydrides and dianhydrides

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