“…As well known, the high TE conversion efficiency strongly depends on the performance of TE materials, which is denoted by the TE figure of merit of the materials [1,2]. The figure of merit is defined as ZT = ˛2 T/Ä, where T is absolute temperature, is the electrical conductivity, ˛ is the Seebeck coefficient, and Ä = Ä l + Ä e is the thermal conductivity composed of electronic and lattice parts [3,4]. Thus, excellent TE materials impose high , high ˛ and low Ä.…”