Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Docking Study of a New Series of Thiophene Derivatives Based on 3‐Oxobutanamidothiophene as an Anticancer Agent

Abstract

Herein, the constructing synthon 3‐oxobutanamidothiophene derivatives 2 a and 2 b were synthesized and utilized for building a wide variety of pyran, thiazole, pyrazole or pyrimidine ring heterocyclic compounds that can be used as anticancer medications. 3‐Oxobutanamidothiophene derivatives 2 a,b were coupled with 4‐substitutedphenyl diazonium chloride to produce the corresponding hydrazones derivatives 3 a–f. Various thiophene‐pyran derivatives 4 a,b were synthesized through the treatment of thiophene components 2 a,b with different arylidene‐malononitrile. 2‐Aminothiophene derivatives 5 were prepared via Gewald's reaction between 2 a,b, elemental sulfur, and various activated nitrile derivatives. The 3‐oxobutanamidothiophene derivatives 2 a,b were reacted with PhNCS and the potassium salt intermediates 6 a,b with ethyl bromoacetate to pick up the corresponding thiophene‐thiazolidin‐4‐one derivatives 7. Treatment of the conforming thiocarbamoyl compounds 8 a,b, which undergo heating with three types of α‐halogenated reagents to afford the corresponding substitutedthiophene‐3‐carboxamides 9 a,b. Condensation of keteneN,S‐acetals 10 a,b with hydrazines furnished the thiophene‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxamide hybrids 11 a,b, while condensation with urea and/or thiourea afforded the corresponding thiophene‐pyrimidine‐5‐carboxamides 12 a,b. The recently synthesized thiophene compounds were characterized there in vitro anticancer properties against HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and MDA‐MB‐231 (breast cancer) were evaluated. Molecular docking was also performed to predict the binding modes of synthesized derivatives with the good anticancer results designed as potential inhibitors for a specific target.