Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of Schiff bases

Uddin, Noor; Rashid, Faisal; Ali, Saqib; Tirmizi, Syed Ahmed; Ahmad, Iqbal; Zaib, Sumera; Zubair, Muhammad; Diaconescu, Paula L.; Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz; Iqbal, Jamshed; Haider, Ali

doi:10.1080/07391102.2019.1654924

Cited by 100 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…After solubilizing formazan crystals, optical density was acquired, and IC 50 values were calculated from three independent experiments as previously reported. [ 22 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior to use salmon sperm (ss) DNA, its concentration was measured at 260 nm, and its purity was calculated at A 260 /A 280 and is 1.70. From the absorption data, the binding constant ( K b ) was found by using the following equation [ 23,24 ] :

([], DNA) / ((), ε_{a} - ε_{f}) = ([], DNA) / ((), ε_{b} - ε_{f}) + 1 / K_{b} ([], (ε_{a} - ε_{f}))

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After determination of protein content, lysate was treated with substrates, and fluorescence was measured as previously reported. [ 22 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triorganotin (IV) carboxylates as potential anticancer agents: Their synthesis, physiochemical characterization, and cytotoxic activity against HeLa and MCF‐7 cancer cells

Uddin

Rashid

Haider

et al. 2021

Applied Organom Chemis

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Three triorganotin (IV) cyclopentane carboxylates were synthesized and structurally characterized by in solid state by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and single crystal diffraction, and in solution by NMR (1H, 13C, and 119Sn) spectroscopy. The complexes were tested for their anticancer activity against MCF‐7 and HeLa cells along with normal BHK‐21 cells. As revealed by MTT assay, complex 2 was identified as the most potent derivative with an IC50 value of 2.59 and 0.051 μM against HeLa and MCF‐7 cells, respectively. The results were compared with cisplatin as reference drug. Fluorescent microscopic studies using 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) and propidium iodide (PI) staining confirmed the occurrence of apoptosis in HeLa cells treated with the most active complex 2. The complex 2 also triggered the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in treated HeLa and MCF‐7 cells whereas a luminescence assay displayed a remarkable increase in the activity of caspase‐9 and ‐3. Moreover, flow cytometric results revealed that complex 2 caused G0/G1 arrest in the treated HeLa cells. The complexes were further screened for DNA binding studies through UV‐vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The high activity of complex 2 was attributed to its higher Lewis acidity as indicated by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Theoretical modelling and molecular docking studies were also conducted to study the reactivity of complexes against VEGFR 2 Kinase.

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“…After solubilizing formazan crystals, optical density was acquired, and IC 50 values were calculated from three independent experiments as previously reported. [ 22 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

([], DNA) / ((), ε_{a} - ε_{f}) = ([], DNA) / ((), ε_{b} - ε_{f}) + 1 / K_{b} ([], (ε_{a} - ε_{f}))

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triorganotin (IV) carboxylates as potential anticancer agents: Their synthesis, physiochemical characterization, and cytotoxic activity against HeLa and MCF‐7 cancer cells

Uddin

Rashid

Haider

et al. 2021

Applied Organom Chemis

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“…Cancer is an uncontrolled proliferation of cells which divide beyond their limits, attacks the normal cells, and spread to the other tissues/organs of the body [34] . Chemotherapy is one of the best‐known methods for the treatment of cancer in addition to the radiation therapy and surgery.…”

Section: Pharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on the s‐Triazine Scaffold with Emphasis on Synthesis, Structure‐Activity and Pharmacological Aspects: A Concise Review

et al. 2021

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Triazine nuclei have occupied a propitious place in pharmaceutical chemistry due to their diverse biological behaviour. The marketed drugs such as Azacitidine, Melarsoprol, Altretamine and Almitrine display broad pharmacological activities like anti‐cancer, anti‐parasitic, anti‐inflammatory, Respiratory stimulant and many more. Literature studies reveal that the 2, 4, and 6 substitution on s‐triazine is important for varied biological activities. This diversity in pharmacological activities of triazine scaffold has fascinated the various researchers to further investigate its applications in the treatment of several diseases. This review is complementary to earlier reports and aims to review the work reported on various synthetic methods and biological activities of substituted s‐triazine derivatives from 2016 to 2020 with a list of patents. The enriched structure‐activity relationship may open the doors for further rational drug development of s‐triazine containing analogues as good clinical candidates.

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“…Schiff bases containing s -triazine core showed a wide diversity of biological activities such as anti-cancer, antimycobacterial, antibacterial, antidepressant, analgesic properties and enzyme inhibitors [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Moreover, 1,3,5-triazine derivatives have been shown to bind to and modulate estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Anti-proliferative Activity, and Molecular Docking Study of New Series of 1,3-5-Triazine Schiff Base Derivatives

et al. 2020

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Based on the use of s-triazine as a scaffold, we report here a new series of s-triazine Schiff base derivatives and their anti-proliferative activity against two cancer cell lines: human breast carcinoma (MCF-7), and colon cancer (HCT-116) compared with tamoxifen as a reference compound. Several derivatives exhibited growth inhibition activity in the sub-micromolar range. The results reveal that the s-triazine Schiff base derivatives showed varied activities and that the substituents on the s-triazine core have a great effect on the anti-proliferative activity. Compounds with a piperidino and benzylamino substituent on the s-triazine moiety 4b and 4c were most effective in both cell lines compared to the reference compound used. In addition, compound 4b has a para chlorine atom on the benzylidine residue, demonstrating the most potent activity with IC50 values of 3.29 and 3.64 µM in MCF-7 and HCT-116, respectively. These results indicate that in general, the nature of the substituents on the triazine core and the type of substituent on the benzilyldene ring significantly influenced the anti-proliferative activity. The results obtained from the anti-proliferative activity and the molecular docking study indicate that s-triazine-hydrazone derivatives may be an excellent scaffold for the development of new anti-cancer agents.

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Synthesis, characterization, and anticancer activity of Schiff bases

Cited by 100 publications

References 50 publications

Triorganotin (IV) carboxylates as potential anticancer agents: Their synthesis, physiochemical characterization, and cytotoxic activity against HeLa and MCF‐7 cancer cells

Triorganotin (IV) carboxylates as potential anticancer agents: Their synthesis, physiochemical characterization, and cytotoxic activity against HeLa and MCF‐7 cancer cells

Recent Advances on the s‐Triazine Scaffold with Emphasis on Synthesis, Structure‐Activity and Pharmacological Aspects: A Concise Review

Synthesis, Anti-proliferative Activity, and Molecular Docking Study of New Series of 1,3-5-Triazine Schiff Base Derivatives

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