Synthesis, characterization and application of a magnetically separable nanocatalyst for the preparation of 4,4′-(arylmethylene)-bis(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol) derivatives

Synthesis of N,N′-alkylidene bisamides and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction derivatives with Pd organometallic catalyst anchored to channels of mesoporous silica MCM-41

“…9 b) 64 . Meanwhile, the wide graph of 2θ at 20–29° degrees is correlated the silica framework in the catalyst body 65 .

Figure 9 The wide-angle XRD patterns of MCM-41@MNP ( a ) and Pd-DPyE@MCM-41@MNP ( b ).

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Greener Synthetic Approach for 4,4′‐(Arylmethylene)bis(3‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐ol) Derivatives in an Aqueous Medium using Theophylline as a Catalyst

“…Literature survey shows that the most common method for the synthesis of 4,4′‐(phenylmethylene) bis(3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1 H ‐pyrazol‐5‐ol) is the condensation of aldehydes with 3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐5‐pyrazolone. Several catalysts have been used for this reaction including Mohr's Salt, [25] Ni‐guanidine@MCM‐41 NPs, [26] PEG‐400, [27] silica sulfuric acid, [28] sulfonated rice husk ash (RHA‐SO 3 H), [29] sulfuric acid ([3‐(3‐silicapropyl)sulfanyl]propyl)ester, [30] tetrakis(N‐methylimidazolium‐1‐ylmethyl)methane tetra hydrogen sulfates, [31] Xanthan sulfuric acid, [32] [Et 3 NH][HSO 4 ], [33] 1‐(carboxymethyl)pyridinium chloride {[cmpy]Cl}, [34] Na + ‐MMT‐[pmim]HSO 4 , [35] cage like CuFe 2 O 4 hollow nanostructure, [36] Chitosan‐SO 3 H (CTSA), [37] DCDBTSD, [38] guanidine hydrochloride, [39] lemon juice, [40] Mn‐lysine complex on magnetic nanoparticles, [41] NPS‐γ‐Fe 2 O 3 , [42] SDBS, [43] K 2 CO 3 , [44] Pyridine trifluoroacetate, [45] Phosphomolybdic acid, [46] L‐Proline, [47] Cu–ZnO, [48] ChCl:TA, [49] chickpea leaf exudates (CLE), [50] ZnO NPs, [51] and BPHCSF [52] …”

“…Literature survey shows that the most common method for the synthesis of 4,4'-(phenylmethylene) bis(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol) is the condensation of aldehydes with 3methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone. Several catalysts have been used for this reaction including Mohr's Salt, [25] Ni-guanidine@MCM-41 NPs, [26] PEG-400, [27] silica sulfuric acid, [28] sulfonated rice husk ash (RHA-SO 3 H), [29] sulfuric acid ([3-(3silicapropyl)sulfanyl]propyl)ester, [30] tetrakis(N-methylimidazolium-1-ylmethyl)methane tetra hydrogen sulfates, [31] Xanthan sulfuric acid, [32] [Et 3 NH][HSO 4 ], [33] 1-(carboxymethyl)pyridinium chloride {[cmpy]Cl}, [34] Na + -MMT-[pmim]HSO 4 , [35] cage like CuFe 2 O 4 hollow nanostructure, [36] Chitosan-SO 3 H (CTSA), [37] DCDBTSD, [38] guanidine hydrochloride, [39] lemon juice, [40] Mn-lysine complex on magnetic nanoparticles, [41] NPS-γ-Fe 2 O 3 , [42] SDBS, [43] K 2 CO 3 , [44] Pyridine trifluoroacetate, [45] Phosphomolybdic acid, [46] L-Proline, [47] Cu-ZnO, [48] ChCl:TA, [49] chickpea leaf exudates (CLE), [50] ZnO NPs, [51] and BPHCSF [52] However, most of these synthetic methods display some disadvantages such as employing strong acidic conditions, toxic reagents, expensive catalysts, tedious workup procedures, harsh reaction conditions, and low yields of the products that restrict their usage in practical applications. Considering these lacunas with already reported synthetic protocols, there is still scope for designing a suitable synthetic protocol, which is environmentally benign.…”