Synthesis, Characterization and Demulsification Performance of Polymethylamyldiallylammonium Chloride

Peng, Wenhui; Zhang, Xiujuan; Jia, Xu; Xu, Xiao; Wang, Yongji; Zhang, Yuejun

doi:10.1080/00222348.2021.2005886

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, the presence of the methyl group simultaneously increases steric hindrance. Therefore, when the monomer molecules approach the active center in the reaction, they will encounter high hindrance potential barriers that prevent polymerization 29 . Xu's research indicated that the electron‐donating ability of the methyl group was inadequate to offset the negative effects of the steric hindrance 13 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, when the monomer molecules approach the active center in the reaction, they will encounter high hindrance potential barriers that prevent polymerization. 29 Xu's research indicated that the electron-donating ability of the methyl group was inadequate to offset the negative effects of the steric hindrance. 13 Therefore, the polymerization activity of DMC was lower than that of DAC.…”

Section: Effect Of Initiator Concentration On Polymerization Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

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The comparison of polymerization activity of typical cationic quaternary ammonium salt monomers

Ming,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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The cationic water‐soluble polymers, which are widely used in many areas such as papermaking and separation process, are typically synthesized through polymerization of cationic monomers represented by quaternary ammonium salt. In this work, the polymerization reaction kinetics of three typical quaternary ammonium salt cationic monomers including acryloyl oxygen ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DAC), methyl acryloyl oxygen ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC), and methyl acrylamide propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC) was examined by using the dilatometer method. The results showed that the polymerization rate of all three monomers increased with the increase of initiation temperature, monomer concentration, and initiator concentration. Under the same conditions, the polymerization activity of the three monomers followed the order: DAC > DMC > MAPTAC. The activation energies for the polymerization reaction under the specified conditions were EaDAC = 138.97 kJ/mol, EaDMC = 141.24 kJ/mol, and EaMAPTAC = 226.97 kJ/mol, respectively. The polymerization rate equations were RpDAC = k1[M]4.25[I]0.51, RpDMC = k2[M]3.77[I]0.50, and RpMAPTAC = k3[M]3.30[I]0.49. The polymerization activity of the monomers may be influenced by electronic effects and steric hindrance of the monomer structure. This work has provided a theoretical and experimental foundation for the actual work of structural design and preparation of cationic water‐soluble polymers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Initiator Concentration On Polymerization Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

The comparison of polymerization activity of typical cationic quaternary ammonium salt monomers

Ming,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…DAMBAC is more advantageous for upcoming study and application exploration since it is a monomer with comparatively strong homopolymerization activity in methyl aryl diallyl ammonium chloride. According to the test method of previous work, 41 the surface activity parameters of DMDAAC and DAMBAC, including the critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension (γCMC) and the negative logarithm of the concentration required to reduce the surface tension of water by 20 mN/m (pC20) were obtained separately (Table S13). The results of the tests showed that all four monomers had a certain surface activity, and the introduction of benzyl most significantly made the monomer more capable and efficient in reducing surface tension than DMDAAC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of substitution groups on the homopolymerization activity of methyl aryl diallyl ammonium chloride

Jia

Wang

Yang

et al. 2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC), recognized for its high positive charge density among the several diallyl quaternary ammonium cationic monomers, has been constrained in lipophilic applications by its structure. In this article, benzyl, p-methylbenzyl, and p-nitrobenzyl were introduced as structural modifications of DMDAAC to compensate for this. The effects of the introduced aryl structures on the molecular structure of the modified diallyl methyl aryl ammonium chloride and the polymerization activity of the monomers were explored by quantum chemical calculations and homopolymerization kinetic studies with ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The results intuitively revealed the negative effect posed by the electronabsorbing effect of the substituents on the polymerization activity of the monomers, and also highlighted the important role of the steric effect. The above work has provided a good theoretical foundation and experimental reserve for further research on the preparation and application of methyl aryl diallyl ammonium chloride.

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“…According to previous work [ 35 ], the surface activity information of the monomer including the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the surface tension (γCMC), and the negative logarithm of the concentration required to reduce the surface tension of water by 20 mN/m (pC 20 ) were obtained. It is known that, with the increase in alkyl chain length of substituents, the surface activity of monomers increased, which makes it easier for the monomer to form micelles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Substituents on the Homopolymerization Activity of Methyl Alkyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride

et al. 2022

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Among nitrogen-containing cationic electrolytes, diallyl quaternary ammonium salt is a typical monomer with the highest positive charge density, which has attracted the most attention, especially in the research on homopolymers and copolymers of dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC), which occupy a very unique and important position. In order to improve the lipophilicity of substituted diallyl ammonium chloride monomers under the premise of high cationic charge density, the simplest, most direct, and most efficient structure design strategy was selected in this paper. Only one of the substituents on DMDAAC quaternary ammonium nitrogen was modified by alkyl; the substituents were propyl and amyl groups, and their corresponding monomers were methyl propyl diallyl ammonium chloride (MPDAAC) and methyl amyl diallyl ammonium chloride (MADAAC), respectively. The effect of substituent structure on the homopolymerization activity of methyl alkyl diallyl ammonium chloride was illustrated by quantum chemical calculation and homopolymerization rate determination experiments via ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator system. The results of quantum chemistry simulation showed that, with the finite increase in substituted alkyl chain length, the numerical values of the bond length and the charge distribution of methyl alkyl diallyl ammonium chloride monomer changed little, with the activation energy of the reactions in the following order: DMDAAC < MPDAAC < MADAAC. The polymerization activities measured by the dilatometer method were in the order DMDAAC > MPDAAC > MADAAC. The activation energies Ea of homopolymerization were 96.70 kJ/mol, 97.25 kJ/mol, and 100.23 kJ/mol, and the rate equation of homopolymerization of each monomer was obtained. After analyzing and comparing these results, it could be easily found that the electronic effect of substituent was not obvious, whereas the effect of the steric hindrance was dominant. The above studies have laid a good foundation for an understanding of the polymerization activity of methyl alkyl diallyl ammonium chloride monomers and the possibility of preparation and application of these polymers with high molecular weight.

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Synthesis, Characterization and Demulsification Performance of Polymethylamyldiallylammonium Chloride

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

The comparison of polymerization activity of typical cationic quaternary ammonium salt monomers

The comparison of polymerization activity of typical cationic quaternary ammonium salt monomers

Effect of substitution groups on the homopolymerization activity of methyl aryl diallyl ammonium chloride

Effect of Substituents on the Homopolymerization Activity of Methyl Alkyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride

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