A series of diiron
complexes based on the [Fe2Cp2(CO)
x
] skeleton (Cp = η5-C5H5, x = 2, 3; η4-C5H5Ph in place of one Cp in one case)
and containing different bridging hydrocarbyl ligands (aminocarbyne,
thiocarbyne, allenyl) were preliminarily investigated for their anticancer
potential. The water solubility, stability in water and in the presence
of a cell culture medium, and octanol/water partition coefficient
were evaluated by spectroscopic techniques. The cytotoxicity was assessed in vitro toward the human ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780,
the human triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, and
the human vascular smooth muscle cell line SMC. Some aminocarbyne
complexes exhibited a potent cytotoxicity, with IC50 values
in the low micromolar/nanomolar range, and a strong selectivity for
the A2780 cells in comparison to the SMC cell line. Several experiments
were carried out in order to give insight into the mode of action
of selected compounds, including an assessment of catalytic NADH oxidation
and ROS production and studies of binding with DNA and with a model
protein.