Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Petroleum Demulsifiers of Multibranched Block Copolymers

Hernández, Edgar; Castro, Laura V.; Avendaño-Gómez, Juan Ramon; Flores, César; Alvarez-Ramírez, Fernando; Vázquez, F.

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00419

Cited by 49 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Copolymers with amphiphilic properties can be used in a wide range of applications including thin-film nanopatterning, 1−3 bottom-up nanofabrication, 4−7 demulsifying and antifoaming in extraction methods, 8−10 drug delivery, 11 and protein encapsulation. 12,13 In bulk water conditions, the solvation and dissociation of charged macromolecules favors solubilization, unless multivalent ions 14 or oppositely charged macroions 15 are added in the system, and dominates the assembly of charged containing copolymers in low monovalent salt conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Copolymers with amphiphilic properties can be used in a wide range of applications including thin-film nanopatterning, − bottom-up nanofabrication, − demulsifying and antifoaming in extraction methods, − drug delivery, and protein encapsulation. , In bulk water conditions, the solvation and dissociation of charged macromolecules favors solubilization, unless multivalent ions or oppositely charged macroions are added in the system, and dominates the assembly of charged containing copolymers in low monovalent salt conditions . In organic media, on the other hand, ionic correlations in charge-containing copolymers lead to the formation of ionic clusters. − The ionic clusters can lead to nontrivial thermodynamic changes in the molten state, such as the evolution of inverted phases, , and ion-dependent miscibility of ion-conducting block copolymers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Assembly of Charge-Containing Copolymers at the Liquid–Liquid Interface

et al. 2019

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Quantitatively understanding the self-assembly of amphiphilic macromolecules at liquid–liquid interfaces is a fundamental scientific concern due to its relevance to a broad range of applications including bottom-up nanopatterning, protein encapsulation, oil recovery, drug delivery, and other technologies. Elucidating the mechanisms that drive assembly of amphiphilic macromolecules at liquid–liquid interfaces is challenging due to the combination of hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and Coulomb interactions, which require consideration of the dielectric mismatch, solvation effects, ionic correlations, and entropic factors. Here we investigate the self-assembly of a model block copolymer with various charge fractions at the chloroform–water interface. We analyze the adsorption and conformation of poly(styrene)- block -poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PS- b -P2VP) and of the homopolymer poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) with varying charge fraction, which is controlled via a quaternization reaction and distributed randomly along the backbone. Interfacial tension measurements show that the polymer adsorption increases only marginally at low charge fractions (<5%) but increases more significantly at higher charge fractions for the copolymer, while the corresponding randomly charged P2VP homopolymer analogues display much more sensitivity to the presence of charged groups. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the experimental systems reveal that the diblock copolymer (PS- b -P2VP) interfacial activity could be mediated by the formation of a rich set of complex interfacial copolymer aggregates. Circular domains to elongated stripes are observed in the simulations at the water–chloroform interface as the charge fraction increases. These structures are shown to resemble the spherical and cylindrical helicoid structures observed in bulk chloroform as the charge fraction increases. The self-assembly of charge-containing copolymers is found to be driven by the association of the charged component in the hydrophilic block, with the hydrophobic segments extending away from the hydrophilic cores into the chloroform phase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembly of Charge-Containing Copolymers at the Liquid–Liquid Interface

et al. 2019

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“…Studies on an offshore platform showed that the aging oil emulsions daily produced contain ∼288 to ∼400 m 3 of water, accounting for more than half of the total water content of crude oil transported out of the platform. The huge volume of emulsified water increases the cost of oil storage and transport and leads to significant corrosion of pipelines and other equipment . Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further demulsification of aging oil emulsions on the offshore platform prior to their transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The huge volume of emulsified water increases the cost of oil storage and transport and leads to significant corrosion of pipelines and other equipment. 7 Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further demulsification of aging oil emulsions on the offshore platform prior to their transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proanthocyanidin-Based Polyether Demulsifiers for the Treatment of Aging Oil Emulsions

Chen

et al. 2020

Energy Fuels

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To separate the aging oil emulsions on offshore platforms, a series of polyether demulsifiers based on proanthocyanidins were synthesized, and a dehydration ratio of 94.4% can be obtained at a dosage of 100 mg/L and 70 °C within 120 min. The exceptional performance is due to the multibranched structure and multiaromatic core of the demulsifier, as revealed in our previous work. Meanwhile, the moderate molecular weight, high hydrophilicity, and high interfacial activity of the demulsifier also improve its performance. To understand the distribution of the demulsifier molecules after demulsification and elucidate the demulsification mechanism, partition coefficient (K pc) measurements were performed using the fluorescence labeling method. The results demonstrate that the demulsifier molecules are mainly present in the oil phase and the high K pc values favor demulsification. Furthermore, a high dehydration ratio can be achieved when the demulsifier has a strong ability to reduce the elastic modulus of aging oil emulsions, as illustrated by the rheological results. To confirm the practical applicability of the demulsifiers on offshore platforms, pilot production on a ton scale was carried out and the pilot product was found to exhibit excellent performance that was essentially the same as that of the laboratory sample.

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“…Chemical demulsification is a reliable and highly efficient technique to accelerate the separation of oil and water . Demulsifiers most commonly used today in the oil industry are amphiphilic compounds containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties within the same molecule, such as copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide‐ b ‐propylene oxide) (PEO‐ b ‐PPO), polyoxyalkylated epoxy resins, polyoxyalkylated alkyl‐phenol‐formaldehyde resins, polyoxyalkylated amines, polyoxyalkylated glycols, polyethyleneimines, dendrimer types, and mixtures of them copolymer . Effective demulsifiers can change the interfacial rheological properties, lower the interfacial tension, and quicken the thinning rate of interfacial film, promote coalescence of water droplets, thereby destabilizing the emulsions …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MPEG grafted quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan for demulsification of crude oil emulsions

Fan

Lyu

Gao

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Four novel environmentally friendly and highly branched crude oil demulsifiers were prepared by using different molecular weight (Mn = 350, 750, 1000, 1900 g/mol) of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) to modify quaternized N,O‐carboxymethyl chitosan. Fourier transform infrared and 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance were employed to confirm the structure of the demulsifiers. The surface tension of demulsifies was determined and hydrophile–lipophile balance value was calculated at the critical micelle concentration. The demulsification performance was evaluated by the bottle test method against water‐in‐oil emulsions simulated in the laboratory and it was found that the dehydration rate of four demulsifiers can come to 74.2%–80.4%, which have better demulsification performance than the commercial demulsifier JL‐1. Demulsification mechanism was discussed, and it was encouraging to find that the tiny water droplets in the emulsion coalesced to form the water phase and separated with the water from the polarization microscope. Results show that methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) grafted quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan has a promising application as a demulsifiers for dealing with W/O crude oil emulsions. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45867.

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Petroleum Demulsifiers of Multibranched Block Copolymers

Cited by 49 publications

References 23 publications

Self-Assembly of Charge-Containing Copolymers at the Liquid–Liquid Interface

Self-Assembly of Charge-Containing Copolymers at the Liquid–Liquid Interface

Proanthocyanidin-Based Polyether Demulsifiers for the Treatment of Aging Oil Emulsions

MPEG grafted quaternized carboxymethyl chitosan for demulsification of crude oil emulsions

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