Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of an Eco-friendly Demulsifier for Crude Oil Emulsion Treatment Using Waste Corn Oil

Abstract

Despite the diversity of energy sources at the present time, they have not been able to be a real alternative to crude oil, as it is still considered the primary source of energy in the world and will remain so for many years. As is known, the petroleum industry consists of an interconnected series of operations, starting with extracting crude oil from wells and ending with its refining process. As is known, the petroleum industry consists of an interconnected series of operations, starting with extracting crude oil from wells and ending with its refining process. These operations vary in degree of difficulty, cost, and challenges they face. Crude oil emulsion is one of the most costly issues in this important industry. In the current study, a novel environmentally friendly bio-demulsifier synthesized from corn oil waste has been introduced. The unique characteristics of this novel bio-demulsifier were diagnosed using several tests, including: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The demulsification activity has been evaluated using a bottle test method as a function of settling time, water content, and temperature. The maximum separation ratio was 69.3% at a dose of 1000 ppm for 5 hours and 70 °C, while the water-oil ratio was 30/70. The obtained results demonstrate that bio-demulsifier could be used as a safe and environmentally friendly alternative in initial demulsification units, which will reduce the environmental hazards and financial costs associated with the oil industry when using traditional demulsification methods.

Demulsification Methods for Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions. A Review

“…The higher heating rate is achieved in the microwave heating method compared with conventional heating [59] MW power and radiation time, pH value, type and concentration of magnetic nanoparticles Synergistic action between magnetic nanoparticles and the microwave increases demulsification efficiency. Magnetic nanoparticles have a promoting effect on microwave demulsification [68] Ultrasonic frequency, sound intensity, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic treatment time, sedimentation time, temperature, and water ratio The increase in sound intensity till a certain level increases the dehydration rate; the dehydration rate decreases with the increase in ultrasonic frequency; the effect of ultrasonic demulsification and dehydration becomes better with the increase of temperature; the water ratio has a heavy and complex influence on dehydration rate [69] Ultrasonic frequency In contrast to the conventional application of low-frequency ultrasound used for demulsification, the proposed approach seems to be a promising technology for the removal of water from heavy crude oil emulsions [78] Polyimide (PI) nanofiber membrane The PI fibrous membrane has excellent mechanical robustness and achieved both ultra-high oil-water selectivity and separation performance [29] Biodemulsifier synthesized from waste corn oil The maximum demulsification efficiency was 69.3 % [79] Bacteria producing biodemulsifiers from oilcontaminated environments…”

Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Bioceramic from Cuttlefish Shell Waste and Coral Using Microwave Hydrothermal

“…Using CE will maximize the usage of agricultural waste, which can contribute to environmental preservation and improve economic conditions by generating income (13). The waste materials are biodegradable, biocompatible, and less toxic (14).…”