Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of the Adsorption Behavior of Cellulose-Graft-Poly(Acrylonitrile-co-Acrylic Acid) and Cellulose-Graft-Poly(Acrylonitrile-co-Styrene) towards Ni(II) and Cu(II) Heavy Metals

Abstract

In this study, the synthesis and characterization of grafted cellulose fiber with binary monomers mixture obtained using a KMnO4/citric acid redox initiator were investigated. Acrylonitrile (AN) was graft copolymerized with acrylic acid (AA) and styrene (Sty) at different monomer ratios with evaluating percent graft yield (GY%). Cell-g-P(AN-co-AA) and Cell-g-P(AN-co-Sty) were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, 13C CP MAS NMR, TGA, and XRD. An AN monomer was used as principle-acceptor monomer, and GY% increases with AN ratio up to 60% of total monomers mixture volume. The adsorption behaviors of Cell-g-P(AN-co-AA) and Cell-g-P(AN-co-Sty) were studied for the adsorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) metal ions from aqueous solution. Optimal adsorption conditions were determined, including 8 h contact time, temperature of 30 °C, and pH 5.5. Cell-g-P(AN-co-AA) showed maximum adsorption capacity of 435.07 mg/g and 375.48 mg/g for Ni(II) and Cu(II), respectively, whereas Cell-g-P(AN-co-Sty) showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 379.2 mg/g and 349.68 mg/g for Ni(II) and Cu(II), respectively. Additionally, adsorption equilibrium isotherms were studied, and the results were consistent with the Langmuir model. The Langmuir model’s high determinant coefficient (R2) predicted monolayer sorption of metal ions. Consequently, Cell-g-P(AN-co-AA) and Cell-g-P(AN-co-Sty) prepared by a KMnO4/citric acid initiator were found to be efficient adsorbents for heavy metals from wastewater as an affordable and adequate alternative.

Pb(II) Adsorption Properties of a Three-Dimensional Porous Bacterial Cellulose/Graphene Oxide Composite Hydrogel Subjected to Ultrasonic Treatment

“…Figure 4 demonstrates 13 C-NMR chemical shifts of BC and BC/GO-1. Compared with the spectrum of BC, two new peaks appear at 167.82 ppm and 172.12 ppm, attributed to a carboxyl group and an ester group, respectively [34]. The carboxyl group stems from the unreacted group on GO, and the ester group is produced from the reaction of GO with BC.…”

“…Figure 4 demonstrates 13 C-NMR chemical shifts of BC and BC/GO-1. Compared w the spectrum of BC, two new peaks appear at 167.82 ppm and 172.12 ppm, attributed carboxyl group and an ester group, respectively [34]. The carboxyl group stems from unreacted group on GO, and the ester group is produced from the reaction of GO with The results of this analysis are in accordance with those of the FT-IR pattern analysis, wh infers that the species of oxygenic groups of BC/GO-1 are more abundant compared to The 13 C-NMR spectrum is sensitive to crystalline and amorphous regions and can used to analyze the crystallinity of bacterial cellulose.…”

Advancements in Regenerative Hydrogels in Skin Wound Treatment: A Comprehensive Review

“…Additionally, certain hydrogel formulations incorporate antimicrobial components, augmenting their utility in averting infections. Hydrogels have a three-dimensional structure and a network of hydrophilic polymers capable of absorbing water in addition to biological fluid [199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207]. Thus, they can build a soft and wet 3D structure, which is similar to that of the extracellular matrix, available to encapsulate the cells.…”