Synthesis, characterization, and metal extraction studies of a new macrobicyclic ligand

Abstract

This article describes the synthesis, characterization, and metal ion binding properties of a new macrobicyclic ligand. Solvent extraction experiments were performed in order to determine the extraction behavior of new macrobicyclic ligand towards selected metal cations. Selective extraction of heavy metals and precious metals is highly demanded due to their toxicity and commercial importance. Based on our experimental results, macrobicyclic ligand 3 demonstrated remarkable affinity towards the Ag + ion by 96.7% and 96.9% to the dichloromethane and chloroform phases, respectively.The extraction experiments with macrobicyclic ligand 3 for the Ag + ion were repeated at different temperatures to calculate thermodynamic parameters. The negative values of thermodynamic parameters indicated that the formation of complex during solvent extraction was an exothermic process.

Synthesis, characterization, and metal-ion binding properties of a new macrobicyclic ligand with dioxadiazaoctathia donor atoms

“…This phenomenon cannot be explained by size‐match approach between the cation and macrocycle cavity since both ligand 1 and ligand 2 has 27‐membered macrocyclic cavity with the same number of donor atom sets. The increment of Hg 2+ cation affinity of N‐pivot lariat ether 2 can be result of role played by the acetamide group of ligand 2 at the water‐organic phase interface or attraction of the chlorides in ligand 2 by Hg 2+ cation during the solvent extraction at divided interface …”

“…Extraction ability of N‐pivot lariat ether 2 and macrobicycle 3 toward transition metals were investigated by well‐established picrate extraction experiments in literature . For this purpose, metal picrate solutions were prepared by stirring the aqueous solution of metal nitrate salts with the picric acid in water for 2 hour.…”

“…There are many different techniques for extraction and separation of metal cations, such as solvent extraction, which should be mentioned in the light of metal‐ion chemistry of macrocycles and cryptands. Out of these techniques, the solvent extraction is the easiest way to evaluate complexation properties of a macrocyclic compound with metal ions and show the thermodynamic parameters for extraction of cations …”

Synthesis of metal-free and metallophthalocyanines containing 18- and 21-membered macrocycles with mixed donor atoms and their metal-ion binding properties

“…Extraction methodThe metal ion binding properties of N,N'-(2,2'-(4,5-dicyano-1,2-phenylene)bis(sulfanediyl)bis(2,1-phenylene))bis(2chloroacet-amide) 1, cobalt(II) phthalocyanines 2c− 3c, and zinc(II) phthalocyanines 2d− 3d were investigated by liquid-liquid solvent extraction. Picrate extraction experiments were performed following published procedures [31][32][33][34]62. Solvent extraction experiments were carried out using aqueous metal picrate solutions, which were prepared from a mixture of the metal nitrates (Pb(NO 3 ) 2 , Co(NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O, Cu(NO 3 ) 2 .3H 2 O, Zn(NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O, Ni(NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O, Cd(NO 3 ) 2 .4H 2 O, AgNO 3 , Hg(NO 3 ) 2 .H 2 O) and picric acid in deionized water.…”