Synthesis, characterization and properties of calcium ferroaluminate belite cements produced with electric arc furnace steel slag as raw material

Utilization of Ladle Furnace slag from a steelwork for laboratory scale production of Portland cement

“…These phases are summarized in Table 4 along with their abbreviated symbols. It is important to highlight that C3S is reported to be the main compound of OPC [1].…”

“…They used combined physical pre-treatments; such as grinding, sieving, and magnetic separation for the recovery of iron rich materials and to use the remainder of the waste slag, from an integrated steel mill for the clinker production. Other works have investigated steel slag as a raw material in cement manufacturing refer to slags produced in blast furnace [25] or EAFs in the melting stage or primary steelmaking operations (EAF slag) [1,6,11,[26][27][28]; studies of LF slag in cement manufacturing, especially Portland cement manufacturing, are scarce.…”

“…The main compound in Portland cement is tricalcium silicate (3CaOÁSiO 2 ), also called Alite. This compound gives Portland cement the properties of a hydraulic material [1]. The manufacture of Portland cement is accompanied by high carbon dioxide emissions and high energy demand during the firing of the raw meal and the grinding of the final clinker [1].…”

“…The technical, economic, and environmental effects of using alternative fuels and raw materials in clinker manufacturing have received considerable attention in recent years [1][2][3]. In particular, the use of waste or by-products as raw material substitutes during its manufacturing has been studied heavily because these substitutes can lead to significant savings of natural resources [2,4].…”

中国水泥熟料排放系数差异性及区域减排策略选择

“…渣掺入量与石灰石、 石膏、 铝土矿共同配比制造水 泥熟料的可行性 [15] 。而钢渣掺入量达到 25%时， 表 现出了早期机械强度低 [16] 。当钢渣的含量为 15% 时， 水泥性能达到最佳水平 [17] 。董效林研究发现镁 渣加入生料配料中， 具有广阔的减排前景 [18] Abstract：Cement is the major industry in greenhouse gas emissions. The emission coefficient of a cement clinker is determined by production process， energy efficiency， and the type and quality of raw materials.…”