Compounds comprising pyridine rings exhibit a diverse spectrum of biological activities, including antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. They serve as key constituents in pharmaceutical manufacturing, contributing to the production of essential drugs like antihistamines and antituberculosis medications. Additionally, pyridine derivatives are employed as essential intermediates in the synthesis of a variety of agrochemicals, such as herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides. Furthermore, they function as fundamental building blocks for the creation of various polymers, notably polyvinyl pyridine and polyamide. This study delves into the characterization of a pyridine compound, specifically the 4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridine compound featuring an ester moiety, utilizing Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The optimized structure was derived employing the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set. Theoretical computations were conducted in the gas phase to account for phase variation and provide accurate insights. To gauge the stability of the molecule, crucial parameters including chemical potential, global hardness, and electronegativity were calculated using the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO). In addition, Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) analysis was employed to pinpoint the areas of positive and negative charge distribution within the molecule, providing information regarding nucleophilic and electrophilic interaction sites. These comprehensive theoretical investigations aim to provide a deeper understanding of the compound's stability, electronic structure, and potential chemical reactivity, shedding light on its potential applications in the pharmaceutical and chemical fields.