Synthesis, effect of γ-ray and electrical conductivity of uranium doped nano LiMn2O4 spinels for applications as positive electrodes in Li-ion rechargeable batteries

Abstract

LiMn 2 O 4 is an attractive candidate cathode material for Li-ion rechargeable batteries, but it suffers from severe capacity fading, especially at higher temperature (55 • C) during charging/discharging processes. Recently, many attempts have been made to synthesize modified LiMn 2 O 4 . In this work, a new study on the synthesis of pure and U 4+ -doped nano lithium manganese oxide [LiMn 2−x U x O 4 , (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.03)] via solid-state method was introduced. The synthesized LiMn 1.97 U 0.03 O 4 was irradiated by γ-radiation (10 and 30 kGy). The green samples and the resulting spinel products were characterized using thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. XRD and SEM studies revealed nano-sized particles in all prepared samples. Direct-current (DC) electrical conductivity measurements indicated that these samples are semiconductors and the activation energies decrease with increasing rare-earth U 4+ content and γ-irradiation. ∆E a equals to 0.304 eV for LiMn 1.99 U 0.01 O 4 , ∆E a is 0.282 eV for LiMn 1.97 U 0.03 O 4 and decreases to ∆E a = 0.262 eV for γ-irradiated LiMn 1.97 U 0.03 O 4 nano spinel. The data obtained for the investigated samples increase their attractiveness in modern electronic technology.

Insight into the effect of A-site cations on structural and optical properties of RE2Hf2O7:U nanoparticles

“…Uranium doped materials are also in high demand for other applications such as for space [12], laser [13], photocatalysis [14], nuclear fuel [15], and lithium ion batteries [16]. Uranium has highly enriching chemistry in doped inorganic compounds.…”

A review of the energy storage aspects of chemical elements for lithium-ion based batteries

“…Such a highperformance NTO anode was achieved without carbon coating and nanosizing. The insertion of lanthanides into the NTO structure causes a lattice distortion, resulting in the formation of oxygen vacancies, which considerably enhance faster charge storage kinetics and increase the donor density and electronic conductivity, thereby ensuring long-time cycling performance and superior rate performance [225] .…”

“…Finally, we summarize all the electrochemical performances of NTO:Ln samples in Figure 17C. The long-term cycling performance illustrates that Ln 3+doped samples have better electrochemical performance than that of pristine NTO [225] .…”

Subsolidus solution and ionic conductivity of rock-salt structured Li3+5xTa1−xO4 electroceramics

“…However, a sophisticated and careful fabrication design is important as there could be a potential safety risk under any kind of damage circumstances. Alternatively, LiFePO 4 could be used as the cathode material for rechargeable LIB, which offers a good electrochemical stability, remarkable high capacity and good cycling rate capability [1][2][3].…”