Synthesis methods of low-Pt-loading electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems

Esmaeilifar, Ashkan; Rowshanzamir, Soosan; Eikani, Mohammad H.; Ghazanfari, Ehsan

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2010.06.006

Cited by 115 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…This limits the possibility to achieve high Pt loading without affecting the durability of the catalyst. However, recent studies demonstrated that lowering Pt loading improves catalyst utilization and performance [29]. Previous studies reveal that CNN material is mainly meso-porous (2-50 nm), which is beneficial for catalysis as it assures an optimal mass transport [14].…”

Section: Carbon Support Synthesis Functionalization and Characterizamentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalytic Activity and Durability of Pt-Decorated Non-Covalently Functionalized Graphitic Structures

et al. 2015

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Carbon graphitic structures that differ in morphology, graphiticity and specific surface area were used as support for platinum for Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) in low temperature fuel cells. Graphitic supports were first non-covalently functionalized with pyrene carboxylic acid (PCA) and, subsequently, platinum nanoparticles were nucleated on the surface following procedures found in previous studies. Non-covalent functionalization has been proven to be advantageous because it allows for a better control of particle size and monodispersity, it prevents particle agglomeration since particles are bonded to the surface, and it does not affect the chemical and physical resistance of the support. Synthesized electrocatalysts were characterized by electrochemical half-cell studies, in order to evaluate the Electrochemically Active Surface Area (ECSA), ORR activity, and durability to potential cycling and corrosion resistance.

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Section: Carbon Support Synthesis Functionalization and Characterizamentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalytic Activity and Durability of Pt-Decorated Non-Covalently Functionalized Graphitic Structures

et al. 2015

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“…Equally, it has been demonstrated that the structure of the catalyst support can be controlled using various nano-fabrication techniques [6,7]. To this end, the structure of the catalyst support can be optimised to maximise the specific surface area of the catalyst support and consequently enhance the dispersion and the utilisation of the catalyst and the ionomer particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of catalyst agglomerate shape in polymer electrolyte fuel cells investigated by a multi-scale modelling framework

Ismail

Ingham

et al. 2017

Energy

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A multi-scale modelling framework is developed for the PEFC cathode electrode. Unlike the conventional agglomerate model, the effects of the microstructure of the agglomerate are numerically coupled to the fuel cell-scale model in this framework. This is performed through solving the agglomerate-scale model first and subsequently extracting and using the data required to generate the performance curves in the fuel cell-scale model. This enables one to freely investigate the structure of the agglomerate without being limited to the only three agglomerate shapes that can be investigated using the conventional agglomerate model: spheres, long cylinders with sealed ends and long slabs with sealed ends. The numerical studies conducted in this work using the developed framework have revealed that the performance of the cathode electrode is highly sensitive to the specific surface area of the agglomerate if the size of the latter is relatively large, i.e. of the order of 1000 nm. Namely, the maximum reported current density has increased by about 60% when changing from the 'large' spherical agglomerate to the 'large' cylindrical agglomerate. Also, it has been shown that a slight change in the structure of the agglomerate may significantly improve the fuel cell performance.

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“…In recent years, bimetallic PtM materials have attracted much attention because of their active and stable electrocatalytic performance for alcohol oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction at low temperatures in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). A variety of techniques have been applied to synthesize electrocatalysts for fuel cell, one of these is chemical reduction method [2]. The advantage of this method is generating nano alloy particles with comparatively unique size in short time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ELECTROCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF PtM (M=Co, Cu, Ni) CATALYSTS SUPPORTED ON CARBON VULCAN FOR OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION (ORR) IN FUEL CELLS

Phuong¹

2018

JST

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PEMFC -proton exchange membrane fuel cell is electrochemical devices producing electricity and heat from reaction between a fuel (often hydrogen) and oxygen. Therefore, energy production is generally clean and effective without burning the fuel like the tradition way in combustion engines. The obstacles encountered fuel cell commercialization are mainly due to expensive catalyst materials (Platinum) and long-term instability performance. For this reason, numerous investigations have been undertaken with the goal of developing low-cost, efficient electrocatalysts that can be used as alternatives to Pt. In this paper, a two-step procedure at room temperature was applied to prepare a bimetallic Pt-M(M = metal) supported carbon Vulcan. First, the chemical reduction of M metal ions by sodium borohydride in the presence of carbon powder is performed. Second, the partial galvanic replacement of M particle layers by Pt is achieved upon immersion in a chloroplatinate solution. The major size of synthesized metallic particles was around 2-3 nm. From the slope of Koutecky-Levich plot for ORR using PtM/C materials as catalysts it was found that the overall electron transfer number ranged from 3 to 4, leading to the suggestion of H 2 O 2 formation as an intermediate of the ORR.

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Synthesis methods of low-Pt-loading electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems

Cited by 115 publications

References 108 publications

Electrocatalytic Activity and Durability of Pt-Decorated Non-Covalently Functionalized Graphitic Structures

Electrocatalytic Activity and Durability of Pt-Decorated Non-Covalently Functionalized Graphitic Structures

Effects of catalyst agglomerate shape in polymer electrolyte fuel cells investigated by a multi-scale modelling framework

ELECTROCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF PtM (M=Co, Cu, Ni) CATALYSTS SUPPORTED ON CARBON VULCAN FOR OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION (ORR) IN FUEL CELLS

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