Synthesis of 3D porous carbon based on cheap polymers and graphene foam for high-performance electrochemical capacitors

Abstract

A scalable production of high surface area nanoporous carbon material (~ 2994 m 2 g -1 ) with good distribution of micro-, meso-and macro-pores was hydrothermally synthesized using both cheap polymers and graphene foam as carbon sources. The as synthesised material shows a unique interconnected porous graphitic structure. The electrochemical double-layer capacitor fabricated from this nanoporous carbon material exhibited a superior supercapacitive performance of 188 F g -1 at current density 0.5 A g -1 . This corresponded to areal capacitance of 6.3 µF cm -2 coupled with a high energy of 0.56 µWh cm -2 (16.71 Wh kg -1 ) and a power density of 13.39 µW cm -2 (401 W kg -1 ) due to extended potential window of 1.6 V in KOH aqueous electrolyte. Moreover, no capacitance loss after 10,000 cycles was observed, owing to the 2 unique structure and large surface area of the active material. The outstanding performance of this material as supercapacitor electrode shows that it has great potential for high performance energy-related applications.

A high energy density asymmetric supercapacitor utilizing a nickel phosphate/graphene foam composite as the cathode and carbonized iron cations adsorbed onto polyaniline as the anode

“…2(f), all tted peaks reveal the sp 2 hybridization property of GF, traces of oxygen content present in GF and the p-p* electrons transition which enhances the carbon to carbon bonds in graphene and conrms the high quality of GF. [36][37][38] It is worth mentioning that GF (Fig. 2(f)) does not reveal obvious reaction with nickel phosphate, however, it shows formation of high-quality graphene.…”

Activated carbon derived from tree bark biomass with promising material properties for supercapacitors

“…The SEM micrographs showed an increase in the range of pore sizes as the carbonization temperature increased and more KOH was used in activation. Numerous smaller-sized pores This smaller-sized pores could contribute to the material's charge storage capacity in the penetration of electrolyte ions into the available pore sites which would enhance its electrochemical performance [32]. TEM analysis was also performed as shown in the micrographs in Fig.…”

Investigation of different aqueous electrolytes on the electrochemical performance of activated carbon-based supercapacitors

“…31 The electrode was prepared by mixing the active material (AC) and polyvinylidene uoride (PVDF) as a binder with a weight ratio of 9 : 1, homogenized and dispersed in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solution, and the slurry was then uniformly pasted on a nickel foam current collector and dried at 60 C in an oven for 8 hours to ensure complete evaporation of the NMP. The three electrode measurements were performed with AC as the working electrode, Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl) serving as the reference and glassy carbon plate as the counter electrode in different electrolyte solutions of 6.0 M KOH, 1.0 M Na 2 SO 4 and 6.0 M LiCl for evaluation of the electrochemical behavior.…”