Synthesis of 5-Fluorouracil Cocrystals with Novel Organic Acids as Coformers and Anticancer Evaluation against HCT-116 Colorectal Cell Lines

The use of plasticizer has been extensively studied for enhancing the flexibility, processability, solubility, and vapor permeability of polymeric materials. However, its use in enhancing drying of polymeric coatings has been scarcely studied. In the present work, the optimization of plasticizer loading for drying characteristics and residual solvent minimization in polystyrene‐p‐xylene polymeric coatings has been investigated. Coatings were prepared by solution casting technique at various triphenyl phosphate (TPP) loadings from 0 to 7.50 wt% for two cases of initial solution volumes of 75 and 125 μl. For these two cases, respectively, the minimum residual solvent values of 0.02% and 1.61% were obtained, both at 2.50 wt% TPP loading. However, the two cases exhibited residual solvent values of 2.32% and 4.45% at 0 wt% TPP. Further, the SEM results also showed that at 2.50 wt% TPP loading, the coatings developed a dense, smooth and defect‐free morphology attributed to their minimized residual solvent content. The coatings, however, had a porous and phase‐separated morphology originally at 0 wt% TPP. The variation of residual solvent, coating thickness and drying rate with plasticizer loading followed the same behavior for different initial solution volumes. All these parameters attained their peak values consistently at 2.50 wt% TPP. The study is first of its kind to indicate massive reduction in residual solvent attributed to the addition of a nonvolatile plasticizer. TPP also imparts flame retardance to inherently inflammable polystyrene thereby facilitating its implementation in electronic devices. The obtained coatings have possible applications in electronics, electro‐optics, and food packaging.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual solvent minimization in polystyrene‐p‐xylene coatings using a nonvolatile additive

Rawat

Ahuja

2020

“…After the functionalization process, polyglycerol characteristic functional groups were preserved. However, the IR Spectra of polyglycerol‐esters (PG1 + C1, PG2 + C1, and PG3 + C1) displayed an additional band at 1750–1700 cm −1 assigned to the ester group C=O stretching vibrations produced by esterification reactions between polyglycerol hydroxyl groups with carboxylic groups 37,39,45 . Furthermore, polyglycerol‐esters showed well‐defined C‐H stretching as a consequence of fatty acid hydrocarbon chains, and a noticeable decrease in O‐H band intensity due to reactions between polyglycerol and the pre‐polymer complex.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycerol polymerization degree effect on the emulsifying properties of polyglycerol esters

Díaz-Lasprilla

Mercado

Ramirez-Caballero

2021

Polymeric emulsifiers based on glycerol and oleic acid were developed and their properties evaluated in palm oil and water solutions. Developed polymeric emulsifiers were polyglycerol-esters. Polymerization degree of polyglycerol-esters at different dosages (from 0.2 to 3% w/v) had a significant effect over emulsion stability, water surface tension, droplet size, and viscosity. Polyglycerol-ester with highest polymerization degree behaved more efficiently as emulsifier. A dosage of 0.5% w/v was required to maintain emulsion stability for a half-life period of 872 min (~14.5 h); which, is 5.6 and 3.6-fold longer stability than with the other two polyglycerol-esters developed. When dosage increased to 3% w/v, the emulsion stability also increased to 3792 min (~2.6 days). Nevertheless, surfactants with lower polymerization degree and molecular weight did not behave the same way. Emulsifier with highest polymerization degree reduced water surface tension by 70% and the mean particle diameter decreased when emulsifier polymerization degree increased. For the viscosity parameter, there were two interesting regions: for shear rates up to 1 s −1 the emulsion behaved as Non-Newtonian fluid type Shear-thinning; while, higher shear rates, the viscosity exhibited a Newtonian profile.

“…35 Composite formation confirmed as the characteristic band appeared at 816 cm À1 which provides evidence of stretching vibration of O─S─O, and some of FTIR peaks observed in F. Jubeen et al research study resemble. 37,38 More intense peaks evidence to the fact that more clay content successfully incorporated into the SPI composites. 39…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of clay‐armored coatable sulfonated polyimide nanocomposites as robust polyelectrolyte membranes

Ali

Said

et al. 2021

Herein, coatable sulfonated polyimide (SPI) and clay-reinforced SPI membranes SPI-clay 3%, SPI-clay 5%, and SPI-clay 7% were successfully fabricated by one-step high temperature via direct imidization method. The membranes were cast as a coatable thin film using a solution casting method and grafted vermiculite clay nanoparticle were incorporated into the neat SPI as reinforcement by the sonication method. Three different formulated nanocomposite membranes were investigated using different characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as peaks at 1166 and 1227 cm À1 confirmed successful sulfonation. In Proton ( 1 H) NMR synthesis of SPI confirmed as aromatic proton at 7.3-8.8 ppm depicts successful sulfonation and X-ray diffraction results confirmed the crystalline structure of clay, as its content increased (7%) clear diffraction peak arises at 6 and 25 . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides information about surface morphology of clay reinforced SPI membranes, and SEM micrographs shown uniform dispersion of clay nanofillers and developed easy transfer of electron. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed to investigate the thermal stability of synthesized films, results of thermographs shown degradation in the range of 510-600 C. Different physicochemical parameters employed and their results show the effectiveness of synthesized clay reinforced SPI membranes. Water uptake (WU%) about 0.96%, hydrolytic about 98 h and oxidative stability up to 80 C, ions exchange capacity about 3.16 mmol/g for synthesized clay reinforced SPI membranes. Measurement regarding Dimensional changes was also investigated and dimensional changes (1.557 Δt/Δl). All these results reveal that the clay-reinforced coatable SPI membranes are a promising material for polymer electrolyte membranes to be used in fuel cell energy applications.