Synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose, fructose, cellulose and agricultural wastes over sulfur-doped peanut shell catalysts in ionic liquid

The Role Played by Ionic Liquids in Carbohydrates Conversion into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural: A Recent Overview

“…Finally, a heterogeneous catalyst for carbohydrate conversion into 5-HMF was obtained by impregnation of hydrothermally carbonized peanut shells with sulfuric acid [ 65 ]. In this case, the reaction was conducted in imidazolium ILs such as [amim][Cl], [emim][Cl], and [bmim][HSO 4 ], in the presence of choline chloride (ChCl) and DMSO, Scheme 24 .…”

TiO2/porous carbon as a new nanocomposite and catalyst for the preparation of 4H-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzimidazoles

“…Placing metal oxides and other functional groups in the porous carbon substrate causes chemical activation and its high catalytic ability in promoting chemical reactions. 33 Peanut shell as bio-waste material was successfully used for the design of various catalysts which applied in different chemical process such as cycloaddition of epoxides with CO 2 , 33 degradation of organic pollutant, 34 production aromatic rich monomer compounds, 35 synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose, fructose, cellulose and agricultural wastes, 36 esterication of cyclohexene with formic acid 37 and synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles. 38 Herein, we have used peanut shell as bio-waste for the preparation of porous carbon as a template for the placement of nano titanium dioxide on it to give TiO 2 /porous carbon nanocomposite (TiO 2 /PCN).…”

“…Peanut shell as bio-waste material was successfully used for the design of various catalysts which applied in different chemical process such as cycloaddition of epoxides with CO 2 , 33 degradation of organic pollutant, 34 production aromatic rich monomer compounds, 35 synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose, fructose, cellulose and agricultural wastes, 36 esterification of cyclohexene with formic acid 37 and synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles. 38 …”

Highly Selective Production of the Biobased Polymeric Monomer Tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dimethanol from 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural over the Ni@U-Silicalite-1 Catalyst

“…Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable energy resource relative to fossil fossil sources. Meanwhile, due to the high oxygen content, the hydrogenation of biomass is of high importance to the biomass utilization for obtaining analogous fossil-based chemical products, such as the hydrogenation of lignin-derived guaiacol, which enables the production of benzene and phenol. , 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a biobased derivative from dehydration of carbohydrates, − is classified by the U.S. Department of Energy as one of the “Top 10 + 4” most value-added biobased compounds due to the presence of three functional groups, aldehydes, hydroxyl, and furan ring, thereby exhibiting a strong reactivity. − Thus, HMF can be further hydrogenated to 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran (DHMF), tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dimethanol (THFDM), 5-methylfurfural (MF), 5-methylfurfuryl alcohol (MFA), 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), and other high-value chemicals. − Among them, the selective hydrogenation from HMF to THFDM has attracted extensive attention for its wide application as fuel feedstock, plasticizers, surfactants, and an alternative monomer to prepare biobased polymers (e.g., a biomass-derived substitute for bisphenol A) in the resin and textile polymerization industry. ,− Compared to DHMF, the total hydrogenated THFDM exhibits higher stability and versatility with intrinsic chirality; thus, the hydrogenation of HMF to THFDM is really desirable. − …”