Synthesis of adamantane on commercially available zeolitic catalysts

Navrátilová, Markéta; Sporka, K.

doi:10.1016/s0926-860x(00)00477-4

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In adamantane production catalyzed by Y zeolites, hydrogenolysis and various kinds of ring opening reations also take place simultaneously in the presence of hydrogen [10][11][12]. In our experiment, without hydrogen few hydrogenolysis and various kinds of ring opening reations occurred.…”

Section: Isomerization Of Tetrahydrodicyclopentadienementioning

confidence: 46%

“…Although the pore sizes of zeolites H-beta (0.57 × 0.75 nm, 0.56 × 0.65 nm) was large enough for endo-THDCPD to penetrate into the pores at 270 • C [12], while at 195 • C no conversion was observed after solving reactants in solid state with cyclohexane for GC quantitative analysis. The reason lies in the smaller pore sizes than endo-THDCPD (0.67 × 0.65 nm, estimated by ACD/ChemSketch 5.0 offered by Advanced Chemistry Development Inc.).…”

Section: Activities Of Different Types Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason lies in the smaller pore sizes than endo-THDCPD (0.67 × 0.65 nm, estimated by ACD/ChemSketch 5.0 offered by Advanced Chemistry Development Inc.). The literature [12] showed that higher temperature (270 • C) would help the endo-THDCPD run into the pores of H-beta, but the activity of H-beta was still lower than HY. The main reason lies in the relative smaller pore size than HY zeolites (0.74 nm), which need higher reaction temperature to make the endo-THDCPD to penetrate into the inner pores of H-beta before endo-THDCPD molecules are adsorbed on the active sites and forms carbonium (Table 2).…”

Section: Activities Of Different Types Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering reaction data, higher Si/Al ratio contributes little to the formation of exo-THDCPD, while favor the formation of adamantane and other byproducts. In the adamantane literature [10][11][12], it was suggested that strong Bronsted acid sites help the formation of adamantane and side reactions. From this point, H-USY with more moderate acidity is favorable choice for exo-THDCPD production.…”

Section: The Module Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The utilization of zeolites for the synthesis of adamantane (ADM) improved the technology of this isomer of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene. In many literatures [10][11][12], the isomerization of endo-THDCPD catalyzed by Y zeolites was reported. Nowadays, Y zeolites had replaced aluminum chloride to catalyze endo-THDCPD to adamantine on industrial scale [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endo- to exo-isomerization of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene catalyzed by commercially available zeolites

Xing

Xin

et al. 2005

Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical

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Section: Isomerization Of Tetrahydrodicyclopentadienementioning

confidence: 46%

Section: Activities Of Different Types Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Activities Of Different Types Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Module Of Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Endo- to exo-isomerization of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene catalyzed by commercially available zeolites

Xing

Xin

et al. 2005

Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical

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Diamondoid Molecules

Mansoori¹

2007

Advances in Chemical Physics

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Diamondoids have been of great interest in recent years due to their role in nanotechnology, drug-delivery and medicine. In this review paper we introduce at first the cage nature of diamondoid molecules (polymantanes, adamantologues), the variety of their crystalline lattice structures, the nature of their structural isomers, their stereoisomers, and their other molecular specificities are presented. The carbon-carbon framework of diamondoids constitutes the fundamental repeating unit in the diamond lattice structure. It is demonstrated that diamondoids are very stable compounds.The unique physicochemical properties of diamondoids due to their exceptional atomic arrangements including their melting points, molar enthalpies, molar entropies, molar heat capacities, vapor pressures and other phase transitions and solubilities data are reported and analyzed.The Lewis acid-catalyzed rearrangement of hydrocarbons to synthesize lower diamondoids is presented and its limitations for the synthesis of higher diamondoids are discussed.The natural occurrence of diamondoids in petroleum fluids and how they come to be present in such fluids is introduced. Field experiences of phase transitions and depositions as well as techniques for separation, detection and measurement of diamondoids from petroleum fluids is presented and discussed..It is demonstrated that due to their six or more linking groups diamondoids have found major applications as templates and as molecular building blocks in polymers synthesis, nanotechnology, drug delivery, drug targeting, DNA directed assembly, DNA-amino acid nanostructure formation and in host-guest chemistry. ________________________________________ (*) E-Mail: mansoori@uic.edu. 2 Molecular Structure of DiamondoidsDiamondoid molecules are cage-like, ultra-stable, saturated hydrocarbons. These molecules are ringed compounds, which have a diamond-like structure consisting of a number of six-member carbon rings fused together (see Figure 1). More explicitly, they consist of repeating units of ten carbon atoms forming a tetra-cyclic cage system [1-3]. They are called "diamondoid" because their carbon-carbon framework constitutes the fundamental repeating unit in the diamond lattice structure. This structure was first determined in 1913 by Bragg and Bragg [4] using X-ray diffraction analysis.The first and simplest member of the diamondoids group, adamantane, is a tricyclic saturated hydrocarbon (tricyclo[3.3.1.1]decane). Adamantane is followed by its polymantane homologues (adamantologues): diamantane, tria-, tetra-, penta-and hexamantane. Figure 1, illustrate the smaller diamondoid molecules, with the general chemical formula C 4n+6 H 4n+12 : adamantane (C 10 H 16 ), diamantane (C 14 H 20 ), and triamantane (C 18 H 24 ),.. These lower adamantologues, each has only one isomer.Depending on the spatial arrangement of the adamantane units, higher polymantanes (n≥4) can have several isomers and non-isomeric equivalents. There are three possible tetramantanes all of which are isomeric. They are depicte...

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Design and Synthesis of High‐Density Diamondoid Fuels

Pan

Xie

2020

High‐Energy‐Density Fuels for Advanced Propulsion

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Synthesis of adamantane on commercially available zeolitic catalysts

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Endo- to exo-isomerization of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene catalyzed by commercially available zeolites

Endo- to exo-isomerization of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene catalyzed by commercially available zeolites

Diamondoid Molecules

Design and Synthesis of High‐Density Diamondoid Fuels

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