Synthesis of Adsorbents with Anion Exchange and Chelating Properties for Separation and Recovery of Precious Metals – A Review

A Mini-Review on Anion Exchange and Chelating Polymers for Applications in Hydrometallurgy, Environmental Protection, and Biomedicine

“…The process of such activation is highly undesirable as the alkylating agents, such as bis-chloromethyl ether (BCME), are highly carcinogenic. Consequently, the processes of synthesis require extra measures undertaken to protect the environment, as well as the staff [11,12].…”

“…Direct copolymerization of VBC with DVB leads to the VBC-co-DVB copolymer production, already possessing -CH 2 Cl groups ready for direct modification. Then, as displayed in Figure 1, the so-obtained copolymer can be further modified to an IX resin by a nucleophilic attack on Cl by, for example, amine or carboxylic acid, resulting in the synthesis of an anion-or cat-ion exchange resin, respectively [11]. As can be seen in Figure 1, the modification process using amines results in the changing of the color of an initial VBC-co-DVB copolymer, from white/transparent to yellow, attributed to the presence of amino-moieties.…”

“…As can be seen in Figure 1, the modification process using amines results in the changing of the color of an initial VBC-co-DVB copolymer, from white/transparent to yellow, attributed to the presence of amino-moieties. modification procedures as well as the nature and properties of functionalities incorporated into IX resins [7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…The literature provides a number of researches focused on the synthesis, as well as applications [7][8][9][10] of polymers with IX and chelating properties. The research carried out so far provides a vast experimental and literature reviews on conventional and unconventional synthetic routes, modification procedures as well as the nature and properties of functionalities incorporated into IX resins [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Adsorption of Pd (II) and Au (III) Ions by Commercial Tris(2-Aminoethyl) Amine Polystyrene Polymer Beads

“…In this context, it has been reported that polymers containing primary, secondary and tertiary amine groups are used with high adsorption efficiency in the adsorption of various precious metal ions [5,6]. That is may be having the capacity of different types of amine functional groups to perform ion exchange and coordination simultaneously under optimum conditions [7].…”