Synthesis of Al₂O₃/ZrO₂ Nanocomposite and the Study of Its effects on Photocatalytic Degradation of Reactive Blue 222 and Reactive Yellow 145 Dyes

Abstract

Al2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposites were synthesized by growth of semiconductor ZrO2 onto Al2O3 nanoparticles by a facile sol‐gel method using tragacanth gum as a natural gel. Ultrasonic technique was applied for the coating of ZrO2 onto Al2O3 during the production process of nanostructures. XRD data confirmed the formation of Al2O3/ZrO2 nanocomposites. The synthesized Al2O3/ZrO2 was evaluated for photocatalytic activity through degradation of Reactive Blue 222(RB222) and Reactive Yellow 145(RY145) dyes in aqueous solution under visible irradiation. Influence of some parameters such as initial dye concentration, catalyst loading and irradiation duration on the degradation of dyes was investigated as well as the optimum conditions were obtained. The results showed that the removal efficiency of a 20 mg/L (50 mL) dye solution reached 91.4 % for RB222 and 94.6 % for RY145 only in 60 min of reaction duration with 0.04 g of Al2O3/ZrO2 as catalyst. The dyes degradation was monitored by using UV‐Vis spectroscopy.

Development of Three-Dimensional Nickel–Cobalt Oxide Nanoflowers for Superior Photocatalytic Degradation of Food Colorant Dyes: Catalyst Properties and Reaction Kinetic Study

“…According to the L−H model, the rate-constant of the dye-degradation reaction was explored as ∼0.219 min −1 which follows pseudo-first-order kinetics resulting in t 1/2 of ∼3. 16…”

“…Recently, transition-metal oxide (TMO) nanomaterials have displayed various attractive, dimensional, and morphological properties for diverse applications in research fields such as chemistry, materials science, physics, and biology. − Recently, Fardood et al have investigated various mixed TMOs for a large number of dye-degradation reactions under ambient conditions. ,,,, Among the TMOs, Co 3 O 4 has played a promising role as a p-type semiconducting material which is widely used as photocatalyst or photoanode material for electrochemical and solar energy applications. − The magnetic properties of Co 3 O 4 nanomaterials might originate because of spin–orbit coupling of unpaired electrons in partially filled orbitals of Co 2+ cations. Owing to fully filled t 2g 6 orbitals, Co 3+ cations display zero magnetic moment after the 3d splitting by the low-spin octahedral crystal field. , Among binary metal-oxide nanomaterials, nickel–cobalt oxides are well-known p -type semiconducting nanomaterials which have an energy band gap in the range of ∼1.48 to ∼2.30 eV to tune their electronic, optical, surface morphological, and magnetic properties. − Moreover, nickel–cobalt oxides are cost-effective, naturally abundant, less toxic materials with a variety of morphologies and high redox properties resulting in wide range of optical and electronic applications. − In general, cobalt based nanomaterial possesses versatile fascinating properties including low toxicity, magnetic nature, high stability, and excellent chemical reactivity because of variable oxidation states, for example, a spinel crystal geometry which are suitable for electrochromic, sensor, and catalytic applications. − Furthermore, binary nickel–cobalt oxide (NiCo 2 O 4 , NCO) nanomaterials exhibit a spinel crystal structure where Ni cations reside in octahedral positions only, while Co cations spread on octahedral and tetrahedral positions of the crystal lattice, simultaneously. , NiCo 2 O 4 inherits many intriguing properties such as eco-friendly synthesis, a porous surface morphology, high surface area, and excellent stability to ensure high performance as an electrode material .…”

Persulfate assisted sonocatalytic process for the degradation of Reactive Yellow 145 dye in aqueous solution

“…Recently, advanced oxidation methods based on reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, especially hydroxyl radical ( • OH), have been used in the oxidation of refractory organic pollutants that cannot be completely removed in biological treatment, such as textile dyestuffs [15]. In previous studies, Ni3O4-Co3O4/Al2O3 [8], Co-Fe BTC/graphitic carbon nitride [16], nano CuO [17], nano-TiO2 [18], Al2O3/ZrO2 [19], Co1-xZnxFe2O4 nanodot coated with polyaniline [20], α-Fe2O3@C@SiO2/TiO2…”

ZrO2-Based Photocatalysts for Wastewater Treatment: From Novel Modification Strategies to Mechanistic Insights

“…): Bi 2 O 3 + hv → Bi 2 O 3 h + VB + e − Bi 2 O 3 e − CB + ZrO 2 → Bi 2 O 3 + ZrO 2 e − CB + Cr 2 O 2− 7 + 14H + → 2Cr 3+ + 7H 2 O + ZrO 2 (10) 2H 2 O + 4h + → O 2 + 4H +(11)Various ZrO 2 -based semiconductor photocatalysts with incremented photodegradation activity are summarized in Table 1[59,[70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79]. Summary of various ZrO 2 -based semiconductor photocatalysts for the incremented photocatalytic degradation of aqueous phase pollutants.…”