Synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein by the pre-implantation and post-implantation bovine embryo

Janzen, R.; Mably, Ellen R.; Tamaoki, Taiki; Church, Robert B.; Lorscheider, F. L.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0650105

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The outer endodennal layer gives rise to the parietal endoderm, while the visceral endoderm emerges from the inner endoderm layer. Bovine AFP (BAFP) has also been detected in the 14-day trophoblast, and by Day 16, BAFP is secreted into the amniotic fluid (30). Similar to the AFPs of marmosets and rodents, BAFP is detected in both the preimplantation and the postimplantation conceptus (31).…”

Section: Ontogeny Of Afpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Roles of Alpha-Fetoprotein During Pregnancy and Perinatal Development

Mizejewski

2004

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

122

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The use of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) as a serum marker in cancer actually predates its employment in the detection of congenital defects; however, the latter use of AFP as a fetal defect marker has propelled its clinical utilization. Although the serum-marker capacity of AFP has long been exploited, less is known of the biological activities of this oncofetal protein during fetal and perinatal development. In the present review, the biological activities of AFP are discussed in light of this glycoprotein's presence in various biological fluid compartments: embryonic and fetal tissues, serum, urine, and reproductive fluids. After a review of the histochemical detection of AFP in various cells and tissues during development, AFP concentrations within various biological fluids were discussed in the context of gestational age and anatomic location. Discussion follows concerning the relationships and roles of AFP in developmental events such as erthyropoiesis, histogenesis/organogenesis, and ligand binding and in developmental disorders such as hypothyroidism, folate deficiencies, and acquired immunodeficiency disorder (AIDS). Based on its association with so many types of birth defects, malformations, and congenital anomalies, AFP can be viewed as a molecular "troubleshooter" until signal transduction pathways are established during pregnancy and prenatal development. The review concludes with a discussion of the place of AFP in the rapidly expanding field of proteomics.

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Section: Ontogeny Of Afpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Roles of Alpha-Fetoprotein During Pregnancy and Perinatal Development

Mizejewski

2004

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

122

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“…AFP readily circulates into all fluid compartments of the developing organism and is detected in all three germ layers of the embryo (36). One inay speculate that AFP could serve as a multifunctional 'one size fits all' accessory transcription co-factor during development.…”

Section: Afp Heterodimerization: Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothesis: An apparent dimerization motif in the third domain of alphafetoprotein: Molecular mimicry of the steroid/thyroid nuclear receptor superfamily

Mizejewski

1993

BioEssays

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Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a tumor-associated fetal marker, associated both with tumor growth and with birth defects. AFP, whose precise function is unknown, has been classified as belonging to a protein superfamily together with albumin and vitamin D-binding (Gc) protein. AFP has been shown to bind various ligands in vitro including fatty acids, estrogens, thyroid hormones and retinoic acids. The steroid/thyroid nuclear receptor superfamily of proteins has recently become a major focus of biomedical investigation regarding regulation of gene expression. These receptors are thought to bind to DNA-hormone response elements (HRE) that affect growth, development, differentiation, reproduction and homeostasis. The HREs are known to share DNA sequences with the various members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. In the present report, the possibility of a leucine-zipper dimerization (heptad) motif in the carboxy-terminal third domain of both rodent and human AFP is postulated. The presence of nine such hydrophobic repeats in the third domain of the AFP molecule mimics the heptad dimerization repeats found in the retinoic acid, thyroid, c-erbA and other members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Computer analysis revealed that the most conservative matching occurred between AFP and the retinoic acid class of receptors. However, other superfamily members displayed 40-60% homology with 5 of 9 AFP heptads. These findings could provide a possible mechanism for explaining the growth-regulatory properties (both inhibition and enhancement) that have been ascribed to AFP in the last decade.

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“…This protein was firstly described in 1944 by Pedersen [ 47 ] and further characterized by Spiro [ 48 ]. AFP is synthesized and secreted by the fetal liver [ 49 ] and to a lesser extent the placenta, kidneys and the tongue [ 50 ]. Molecular mass of AFP is very similar to those from PAG-PSPB molecules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It ranges from 51 to 67 kDa depending on carbohydrate content (6 to 8%). However, in contrast to PAG-PSPB, the concentrations of AFP do not increase in maternal circulation during gestation [ 49 ] and cannot be used for pregnancy diagnosis in cattle [ 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins and alpha-fetoprotein in fallow deer (Dama dama) placenta

et al. 2014

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Background: This paper describes the isolation and characterization of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) from fetal cotyledonary tissue (FCT) and maternal caruncular tissue (MCT) collected from fallow deer (Dama dama) pregnant females. Proteins issued from FCT and MCT were submitted to affinity chromatographies by using Vicia villosa agarose (VVA) or anti-bovine PAG-2 (R#438) coupled to Sepharose 4B gel. Finally, they were characterized by SDS-PAGE and N-terminal microsequencing. Results: Four distinct fallow deer PAG (fdPAG) sequences were identified and submitted to Swiss-Prot database.Comparison of fdPAG with PAG sequences identified in other ruminant species exhibited 64 to 83% identity. Additionally, alpha-fetoprotein was identified in fetal and maternal tissues. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the efficacy of VVA and bovine PAG-2 affinity chromatographies for the isolation of PAG molecules expressed in deer placenta. This is the first report giving four specific amino acid sequences of PAG isolated from feto-maternal junction (FCT and MCT) in the Cervidae family.

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Synthesis of alpha-fetoprotein by the pre-implantation and post-implantation bovine embryo

Abstract: Summary. The

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Biological Roles of Alpha-Fetoprotein During Pregnancy and Perinatal Development

Biological Roles of Alpha-Fetoprotein During Pregnancy and Perinatal Development

Hypothesis: An apparent dimerization motif in the third domain of alphafetoprotein: Molecular mimicry of the steroid/thyroid nuclear receptor superfamily

Identification of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins and alpha-fetoprotein in fallow deer (Dama dama) placenta

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