Cost‐effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) spanning a wide pH range are highly desirable but still challenging for hydrogen production via electrochemical water splitting. Herein, Mo5N6‐MoS2 heterojunction nanosheets prepared on hollow carbon nanoribbons (Mo5N6‐MoS2/HCNRs) are designed as Mott–Schottky electrocatalysts for efficient pH‐universal HER. The in‐plane Mo5N6‐MoS2 Mott–Schottky heterointerface induces electron redistribution and a built‐in electric field, which effectively activates the inert MoS2 basal planes to intrinsically increase the electrocatalytic activity, improve electronic conductivity, and boost water dissociation activity. Moreover, the vertical Mo5N6‐MoS2 nanosheets provide more activated sites for the electrochemical reaction and facilitate mass/electrolyte transport, while the tightly coupled HCNRs substrate and metallic Mo5N6 provide fast electron transfer paths. Consequently, the Mo5N6‐MoS2/HCNRs electrocatalyst delivers excellent pH‐universal HER performances exemplified by ultralow overpotentials of 57, 59, and 53 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in acidic, neutral, and alkaline electrolytes with Tafel slopes of 38.4, 43.5, and 37.9 mV dec−1, respectively, which are superior to those of the reported MoS2‐based catalysts and outperform Pt in overall water splitting. This work proposes a new strategy to construct an in‐plane heterointerface on the nanoscale and provides fresh insights into the HER electrocatalytic mechanism of MoS2‐based heterostructures.